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带你步入魔法世界:《哈利·波特与魔法石》赏析(115)

时间:2012-04-19 15:07:46 来源:可可英语 编辑:lily  每天三分钟英语轻松学


一.damage:n. 损害,损失,毁坏 vt. 损害,毁坏
【词义辨析】
break, destroy, ruin, wreck, damage, spoil,
break: 普通用词,指某物因被打破或撕破而受到破坏,可指有形或无形的破坏。
destroy: 多指彻底地、毁灭性地破坏,含导致无用,不能或很难再修复的意味。
ruin: 多指因外部原因而受到严重破坏或毁灭,侧重破坏的彻底性,也可用于引申意义。
wreck: 侧重指船只、车辆、房屋等受到严重破坏或完全毁坏,也可指计划、健康受到损害。
damage: 多指对无生命物体的损害,造成降低价值、破坏功能等后果。
spoil: 强调不仅会削弱力量、精力或价值,而且会导致不可避免的毁灭。
【例句用法】
1.The store owner received satisfaction for the damage.
店主收到了对损坏的赔偿。
2.The damage to the painting is the work of vandals.
毁坏这幅画的事是恣意破坏公物的人干的。
3.We will reimburse the customer for any loss or damage.
我们将赔偿顾客所受到的一切损失和损害。
4.The manufacturers disclaim all responsibility for the damage caused by misuse.
因使用不当造成的损坏,生产厂家不负任何责任。
5.They asked him to pay for the damage but he pleaded poverty.
他们要他付损害赔偿金,但他藉口贫穷而不偿还。
6.The flood did a lot of damage to the crops.
洪水毁坏了大量农作物。
二.around:prep. 到处,在 ... 附近,围绕,大约,符合 adv. 到处,在周围,现有,闲散地,转弯,掉头 adj. 存在的,在风行的
【词义辨析】
about, around, round,
about: 既可表静态,也可表动态。
around: 主要用于美国,静态或动态均可。
round: 主要用于英国,多半指动态。
almost, nearly, about, approximately, around, roughly,
almost: 指在程度上相差很小,差不多。
nearly: 与almost含义基本相同,侧重指数量、时间或空间上的接近。
about: 常可分almost和nearly换用,但about用于表示时间、数量的“大约”时,实际数量可能多也可能少。
approximately: 多用于书面语,指精确度接近某个标准以致误差可忽略不计。
around: 多用于非正式场合,常见于美国英语。
roughly: 指按粗略估计,常代替about。
【词语用法】
1.around和round相似,均作副词和介词用。美国人习惯用around,如下列各例句:
He turned around.Like the moon, the artificial satellites move around the earth.
I went around to the post-office.
Around 800 men came.
英国人习惯用round,如上面的前三个例句,他们习惯把around改成round,而最后一句,则改成about。
2.around有一些固定的搭配,如around and about,around and above,all around等。而有时不可用around,如winter comes around,all the year around,win one around等;
3.round与around的比较:
round常指在圈内或者曲线上的移动或定位。
She walked round the car and looked at the wheels.
英国人还常用round作“去到一个地方的每个部分”或“分东西给组里的每个人”。
We walked round the old part of the town.
Could you pass the cups round, please?
而around则指不明确的,模糊的移动或定位。
The children were running around/about everywhere.
【错句举例与错句分析】
错句:I prefer being around people.
纠正:I prefer having people around me.
翻译:我更偏向有人围绕在我的身边。
分析:这里颠倒了不可倒置的习语。
【例句用法】
1.I'll send someone to show you around.
我派人带你到周围转转。
2.It'll be finished around Christmas.
这事将在圣诞节前後完成。
3.He turned around as he heard a noise behind him.
他听到身后有响声,便转过身来。
4.I will visit you around Christmas.
我将在圣诞节前后去拜访你。
5.He looked around but could see nobody.
他四处望了一下,看不到什么人。
6.My sister is around your age.
我妹妹和你年龄相仿。

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