1. Whatever are you doing there, crouching in the dark?

讲解： crouching in the dark是现在分词短语做伴随状况状语。

whatever在这里就相当于what，但是使用whatever可以起到加强语气的作用。

2. Just for once in my life, I'd like to sleep until I woke up, natural.

讲解：natural是形容词做伴随状况状语。