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Hey everyone! Squeaks and I were using our telescope to look at the planet Mars.
嘿, 大家好！我和吱吱正在用我们的望远镜观察火星。
Okay Squeaks, what did you want to show me?
好了，吱吱，你想给我看什么？
Oh, you’re looking for a place to build a Mars Fort? That’s really cool!
哦，你在找一个地方来建造火星堡垒？这真的很酷！
You know, scientists and engineers are preparing to send astronauts to Mars someday. To visit or maybe even to live there.
你知道，科学家和工程师正准备有朝一日把宇航员送上火星。去那里参观，甚至可能住在那里。
We could all work together to learn more about our neighboring planet.
我们可以共同努力，了解更多我们的邻近星球。
It would be a big adventure.
这将是一次巨大的冒险。
But there are some complicated problems that need to be solved before anyone can live on Mars.
但在任何人都能在火星上生活之前，还有一些复杂的问题需要解决。
Hey, you love a science challenge, Squeaks.
嘿，你喜欢科学挑战，吱吱。
Do you want to think through some of these problems and see what ideas you come up with to solve them?
你想仔细考虑其中的一些问题，看看你能想出什么办法来解决它们吗？
Great!
太棒了！
The first big challenge of living on Mars is planning the important things you'll need to bring with you.
在火星上生活的第一大挑战是计划你需要随身携带的重要物品。
Take a look at Mars. What do you think you’d need?
看看火星。你觉得你需要什么？
You’re right. A place to sleep is very important, and snacks are always a good idea.
你是对的。有一个睡觉的地方很重要，吃零食总是一个好主意。
But even before that, we need to think about the very basics, like air to breathe and water to drink.
但即使在此之前，我们也需要考虑最基本的问题，比如呼吸的空气和饮用的水。
Mars’ atmosphere, or air, is different from Earth’s.
火星的大气层或空气不同于地球的大气层。
It’s very very thin, and there's almost no oxygen, which animals on Earth need to breathe…including me!
那里空气非常稀薄，几乎没有氧气，地球上的动物需要氧气来呼吸…包括我在内！
Astronauts would need to bring air with a healthy amount of oxygen, or find a way to make it from the ingredients around them.
宇航员需要携带含有健康氧气的空气，或者找到一种方法从火星周围的成分中制造氧气。
There’s a robot on Mars right now testing how to make oxygen from the air that’s already there…kind of like plants do on Earth.
火星上有一个机器人正在测试如何从火星上已经存在的空气中制造氧气…有点像地球上的植物。
However astronauts would get the air they need, they will also have to find a way to keep it around them without it all floating away into space.
虽然，宇航员将获得所需的空气，但他们也不得不找到一种方法，使空气环绕在他们周围，而不是让所有的空气漂浮到太空中。
Space suits could help with that, and I love the idea of a giant bubble!
太空服可以帮上忙，我喜欢巨型气泡的想法！
So, what about water to drink?
那么，喝水呢？
Oh! A big water bottle is a good start.
噢! 一个大水瓶是一个很好的开始。
What do you remember about water on Mars, Squeaks?
关于火星上的水，你还记得什么？
Yeah, there isn’t much on the surface, and a lot of it is frozen!
是的，表面上没有太多水，而且很多都冻住了！
Scientists are trying to figure out which frozen bits of Mars are made of water, and would be safe for us to drink.
科学家们正在试图弄清楚火星的哪些冰冻部分是由水组成的，以及哪些部分我们可以安全饮用。
There may even be water deep underground, but we have to find it and test it before a thirsty astronaut takes a big long gulp.
地下深处其实可能有水，但我们必须在口渴的宇航员大口大口喝下之前找到水并对其进行测试。
Let’s look at another challenge.
让我们来看看另一个挑战。
Gravity on Mars is a lot lower than here on Earth, so everything seems much lighter.
火星上的重力比地球上小得多，所以所有东西看起来都要轻得多。
I bet it would be fun to play in low gravity! We could jump really high! But low gravity also changes how people’s bodies work.
我敢打赌，在低重力下嬉戏一定会很有趣！我们可以跳得很高！但低重力也会改变人体的运作方式。
When astronauts spend a long time in low gravity, their muscles and bones grow weaker because their bodies don’t have to work as hard to move around as they do here on Earth.
当宇航员长时间处于低重力状态时，他们的肌肉和骨骼会变得脆弱，因为他们的身体不必像在地球上那样努力地活动。
Yeah, exercising can help!
是啊，锻炼会有帮助的！
Astronauts need to exercise to help keep their bodies strong.
宇航员需要锻炼以帮助保持身体强壮。
Scientists are also researching to see if special medicines can help people stay healthy and strong on Mars.
科学家们也在研究特殊药物是否可以帮助人们在火星上保持健康和强壮。
But in the meantime, I’ll add some exercise equipment and a good routine to our packing list.
但在此期间，我会在我们的装箱单上增加一些运动器材和不错的日常锻炼。
How about one last challenge?
最后一项挑战呢？
Great! Astronauts need to be able to talk to people on Earth, but Mars is super far away.
太棒了！宇航员需要能够与地球上的人交谈，但火星距离地球超级远。
The best and fastest way to send messages through outer space is by using radio waves, but it still takes time for these messages to travel between two planets.
通过外层空间发送信息的最好、最快的方式是使用无线电波，但这些信息在两个行星之间传播仍然需要时间。
During some parts of the year, it would take over 40 minutes to get a response! But that’s not all.
在一年中的某些时候，可能需要40多分钟才能得到回复！但这还不是全部。
The length of one day on Mars isn’t the same as it is on Earth.
火星上的一天和地球上的一天的时长不同。
So one day, you might try calling a friend during both of your lunchtimes, but a couple weeks later, it would be in the middle of the night for them!
一天，你可能会试着在午餐时间给朋友打电话，朋友接到时也是午餐时间，但几周后你再打，对他们来说却是半夜！
You’re right. A good schedule could help a lot.
你是对的。一个好的时间表可能会有很大帮助。
And if we thought about it more like sending letters, instead of talking on the phone or computer, that might help us handle the long wait.
如果我们把它想得更像寄信，而不是在电话或电脑上交谈，这可能会帮助我们应对漫长的等待。
Awww… I’d miss you too, buddy!
啊啊啊…我也会想你的，伙计！
Let’s agree that if we ever visit Mars, we’ll do it together!
让我们达成一致，如果我们去火星，我们会一起去!
Lots of amazing people all around the world are trying to solve problems like these, so that humans can go to new amazing places like Mars.
世界上有很多了不起的人都在努力解决这样的问题，这样人类就可以去火星等新的神奇的地方。
Working together, we might just find all the answers we need!
齐心协力，我们也许就能找到我们需要的所有答案!
Thanks to our partner, the Museum of Science, for collaborating with us on this episode of SciShow Kids.
感谢我们的合作伙伴“科学博物馆”与我们合作制作本期《少儿科学秀》。
You may not be able to visit Mars just yet, but you can jet over to the Museum of Science YouTube channel to learn more about everything from the outer reaches of space to the inner workings of life science.
你可能还无法参观火星，但你可以火速浏览科学博物馆YouTube频道，了解从太空外部到生命科学内部工作原理的更多信息。
And we’ll see you next time!
我们下期节目见！
