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I think I’m getting it, Squeaks!
我想我懂了，吱吱！
Oh, hey there! Squeaks was teaching me how to use his new toy.
哦，你们好啊！吱吱在教我如何使用他的新玩具。
It’s been a lot of fun… and a bit of a challenge!
非常有趣…还有一点挑战！
I have to steer the car using this remote control.
我必须用这个遥控器来驾驶汽车。
Hey, Squeaks.
嘿，吱吱。
Did you know that there are scientists who pilot remote control vehicles a little like this one, as part of their jobs?
你知道吗，有些科学家的工作就是驾驶像这样的遥控车?
It gets even better, because some of these vehicles are far away in space, like the rovers exploring Mars!
这更好，因为其中一些车辆在遥远的太空中，就像探索火星的火星车！
People can’t go to Mars yet. But there are lots of questions we want to answer so that we can go there one day.
人们还不能去火星。但我们还有很多问题要解决，这样我们才能有一天去那里。
To answer those questions, we send rovers to Mars instead of people.
为了回答这些问题，我们把火星车送到火星，而不是将人送上去。
The rovers are a little bit like this remote control car, but much bigger and built to do science!
火星车有点像这辆遥控车，但要大得多，而且是为做科学而建造的！
Over the years, there have been six successful rovers.
多年来，已经有六辆成功的火星车。
There are five from the United States: Sojourner, Spirit and Opportunity, Curiosity, and Perseverance.
美国有5辆火星车，分别是：旅居者号、勇气号、机遇号、好奇号以及毅力号。
And there’s been one rover from China, named Zhurong.
还有一辆来自中国的火星车：祝融号。
The rovers do things like take samples of Mars dirt and rock, make recordings of sounds, and take lots of pictures and video.
火星车可以做一些事情，比如采集火星泥土和岩石样本，录制声音，拍摄大量的照片和视频。
They send tons of cool information back to Earth for scientists to study.
它们将大量酷炫信息传回地球，供科学家研究。
Great question!
好问题！
Squeaks wants to know what kinds of questions the rovers are helping us answer.
吱吱想知道火星车正在帮助我们回答什么样的问题。
We have lots of questions about Mars!
我们有很多关于火星的问题！
Right now, it’s very cold and dry there.
现在，火星上又冷又干。
But many scientists believe a very long time ago, Mars was more like Earth.
但许多科学家认为，很久以前，火星更像地球。
It might have been much warmer, and had liquid water on its surface.
火星那时可能要温暖得多，表面上有液态水。
Today, it only has water frozen into ice. Maybe it even had living things!
今天，火星只有冻结成冰的水。也许它有生命！
Well, probably not people like you and me.
嗯，可能不是你和我这样的人。
But Mars could have had very teeny living things, like the bacteria we have on Earth, that are too small for us to see without a microscope.
但火星上可能有非常微小的生物，比如我们在地球上的细菌，它们太小了，我们无法用显微镜来观察。
So people called engineers design the rovers to help us find answers to these questions!
被称为工程师的人设计了火星车来帮助我们找到这些问题的答案！
For example, the rovers Spirit and Opportunity helped us learn about what the water on Mars was like a long time ago.
例如，勇气号和机遇号火星车帮助我们了解了很久以前火星上的水是什么样子。
And the rover Perseverance is looking for evidence of tiny living things that might once have lived there!
而火星车毅力号正在寻找可能曾经生活在那里的微小生物的证据！
But to find the answers to those questions, engineers first had to solve many problems to get those rovers to Mars safely.
但为了找到这些问题的答案，工程师们首先必须解决许多问题，才能将这些火星车安全地送到火星。
Good question, Squeaks!
问得好，吱吱！
For one thing, the rover has to land safely on Mars’ surface.
首先，火星车必须安全降落在火星表面。
And, when the rover is in space getting ready to land on Mars, it's moving really fast.
而且，当火星车在太空中准备登陆火星时，它的移动速度非常快。
So, when the time is just right, a parachute opens to help slow it down.
当时机恰到好处时，降落伞就会打开，帮助减缓它的速度。
But it’s not quite enough — the rover needs to land gently on the surface, or some of the tools on board would definitely break.
但这还不够--火星车需要在表面上轻轻着陆，否则车上的一些工具肯定会坏掉。
Can you think of anything that might help keep the rover safe?
你能想出什么办法来保证火星车的安全吗？
What are some things that you do to keep safe as you’re moving?
在你搬家时，你会做些什么来确保安全？
Ooh, I love it!
哦，我爱死它了！
Squeaks says he wears things like a helmet and pads when he goes out rollerblading.
吱吱说，当出去滑旱冰时，他会戴上头盔和护垫。
If he falls, they help protect his body by acting like a cushion to keep him from getting hurt.
如果他摔倒了，它们会像垫子一样保护他的身体，使他不受伤害。
The rovers don’t wear helmets. But some of them, like Spirit and Opportunity, have used big fabric airbags to land.
火星车不戴头盔。但其中一些火星车，如勇气号和机遇号，是使用大型织物安全气囊着陆的。
But these work a little like helmets.
但它们的工作原理有点像头盔。
They protect the rover, and soften its landing so nothing on the rover breaks.
它们保护火星车，并使其软化着陆，使火星车上的任何东西都不会破碎。
So, the rovers bounced down in a big balloon!
火星车在一个大气球里弹了下来！
That’s a great solution to the problem of how to land safely on Mars.
对于如何在火星上安全着陆的问题，这是一个很好的解决方案。
But it doesn’t work every time.
但这并不是每次都能奏效。
The Curiosity rover was too heavy for an airbag to help it land safely.
好奇号火星车太重了，安全气囊无法帮助它安全着陆。
No need to worry, because there are multiple solutions to any problem!
不用担心，因为任何问题都有多种解决方案！
Engineers came up with a different way to protect Curiosity.
工程师们想出了一种不同的方法来保护好奇号。
After a parachute slowed the rover down, a flying platform gently lowered it to the ground.
在降落伞使火星车减速后，飞行平台将其轻轻降至地面。
That system worked so well, they used it for Perseverance, too!
这个系统运行得很好，毅力号火星车也用的是这个！
So, engineers came up with two different ways to solve the problem.
因此，工程师们想出了两种不同的方法来解决这个问题。
I wonder if we could come up with different ways to solve another problem, Squeaks!
我想知道我们是否可以想出不同的方法来解决另一个问题，吱吱！
Let’s see!
让我们看看！
The Rovers need a source of power to help them to move, and so all of the scientific tools and computers will work.
火星车需要一种能源来帮助他们移动，所以所有的科学工具和计算机都会工作。
There’s no way to just plug things in on Mars!
在火星上不可能只插上电源！
So let’s see if we can think of an idea for the rovers to get power.
因此，让我们看看我们是否能想出一个让火星车获得电力的想法。
Great idea, Squeaks!
好主意，吱吱！
Squeaks says that he knows his remote control car uses batteries to move.
吱吱说，他知道他的遥控汽车是用电池来移动的。
So he thinks the rovers might use batteries too.
因此，他认为火星车可能也使用电池。
And they do!
火星车的确使用电池！
They’re not exactly like the ones we use in our homes and schools, though.
然而，它们与我们在家里和学校使用的并不完全一样。
Some of the rovers like Spirit, Opportunity, and Zhurong use batteries.
像勇气号、机遇号和祝融号这样的火星车使用的是电池。
And better yet… these batteries use solar power.
更好的是…这些电池使用太阳能。
We have solar panels on the roof of the Fort, to help collect energy from the Sun.
我们在堡垒的屋顶上安装了太阳能电池板，以帮助收集来自太阳的能量。
And since the Sun reaches Mars too, the rovers can use solar panels to collect energy!
由于太阳也能到达火星，火星车可以使用太阳能电池板收集能量！
But Mars sometimes has huge dust storms.
但火星有时会发生巨大的沙尘暴。
The clouds of dust keep the surface of the planet from getting light from the Sun.
尘埃云使行星表面无法获得来自太阳的光线。
So the batteries on Curiosity and Perseverance get their power from a special type of fuel instead.
因此，好奇号和毅力号上的电池从一种特殊类型的燃料中获得动力。
As this fuel breaks down, it powers the rover’s batteries, even if there’s no sunlight.
当这种燃料分解时，即使没有阳光，它也会为火星车的电池供电。
So once again, engineers found different ways to solve the problem of getting energy on Mars.
因此，工程师们又一次找到了不同的方法来解决在火星上获取能源的问题。
And by solving all of these problems, we're able to send rovers to explore Mars, and answer all of the questions we have, about the Red Planet!
通过解决所有这些问题，我们能够派遣火星车探索火星，并回答我们所有关于这颗红色星球的问题！
Thanks to our partner, the Museum of Science, for collaborating with us on this episode of SciShow Kids.
感谢我们的合作伙伴--科学博物馆，与我们合作制作本期《少儿科学秀》。
Are you interested in exploring Mars in your own Mars Rover?
你对开着自己的火星探测车探索火星感兴趣吗？
Mission: Mars on Roblox from the Museum of Science gives you that opportunity!
任务：来自科学博物馆的Roblox火星给了你这个机会！
You can discover the wonders of Mars as you build a rover, explore massive canyons, and search for ice in this amazing experience, designed using scientific data from NASA.
你可以使用NASA的科学数据进行设计，可以在奇妙体验中，建造火星车、探索巨大峡谷、寻找冰块、发现火星奇观。
Thanks again to the Museum of Science, and thanks for joining us today here at the Fort.
再次感谢科学博物馆，感谢你们今天来到堡垒参加我们的节目。
