【视频内容】

Unlike diagnostic genetic tests, predictive ones are conducted on people without symptoms. The best-known example was provided by Angelina Jolie, an actress who discovered she had a gene mutation that markedly raised her risk of breast cancer. She underwent a double mastectomy.
Tests might influence financial as well as medical decisions. A person at increased risk of dying young may want to buy life insurance. Someone likely to contract cancer may buy cancer or critical-illness cover, which pays a lump sum upon diagnosis. Because predictive tests—unlike diagnostic ones—often need not be disclosed, the customer can secure an advantage over a future insurer.
So underwriters warn that predictive genetic testing could well lead to adverse selection. The New York Times recently reported on a woman who bought long-term care insurance after testing positive for ApoE4, a mutation of a gene related to increased risk of Alzheimer’s. The insurer had tested her memory three times before issuing the policy, but could not know about the genetic result. Robert Green, at Harvard University, found that people told they have the mutation were five times more likely to buy long-term care insurance than those without such information.

【精讲文本】

Unlike diagnostic genetic tests, predictive ones are conducted on people without symptoms. The best-known example was provided by Angelina Jolie, an actress who discovered she had a gene mutation that markedly raised her risk of breast cancer. She underwent a double mastectomy.
和诊断性基因检测不同，预测性检测是在那些并未显现症状的人们身上实施。最为人熟知的例子是女演员安吉丽娜•茱莉。她在检测出自己带有显著增加患乳癌风险的基因突变后，做了双侧乳腺切除术。
diagnostic adj.诊断的
- diagnosis n.诊断
conduct v.实施
symptom n.症状
mutation n.变异
markedly adv.显著地 (very noticeable)
undergo v.忍受 (endure)
mastectomy n.乳房切除手术

Tests might influence financial as well as medical decisions. A person at increased risk of dying young may want to buy life insurance. Someone likely to contract cancer may buy cancer or critical-illness cover, which pays a lump sum upon diagnosis. Because predictive tests—unlike diagnostic ones—often need not be disclosed, the customer can secure an advantage over a future insurer.
基因检测不但会影响医疗决策，可能还会影响理财。一个早逝风险更高的人可能会想购买人寿险。患癌几率高的人也许会想购买癌症或重大疾病保险，一旦确诊会获得大笔赔付。因为预测性检测不像诊断性检测，通常无需公开，客户在未来买保险时就可以占保险商的便宜。
contract v.得病
- contract the disease
critical adj.严重的，重要的
- critical illness
lump sum 一次性付款
- lump 总和，一堆，肿块
- a lump of clay
diagnosis n.诊断
disclose v.公开

So underwriters warn that predictive genetic testing could well lead to adverse selection. The New York Times recently reported on a woman who bought long-term care insurance after testing positive for ApoE4, a mutation of a gene related to increased risk of Alzheimer’s. The insurer had tested her memory three times before issuing the policy, but could not know about the genetic result. Robert Green, at Harvard University, found that people told they have the mutation were five times more likely to buy long-term care insurance than those without such information.
保险商为此警告称，预测性基因检测很可能会导致逆向选择。《纽约时报》近日报道了一名女性在检测出ApoE4阳性后购买了长期医保。携带ApoE4这种基因突变会增加患阿尔兹海默症的风险。保险公司给她做了三次记忆力检测后才核准她参保，但他们无从知晓这一基因检测结果。哈佛大学的罗伯特•格林（Robert Green）发现，检测出携带这种基因突变的人购买长期医保的可能性是其他人的五倍。
underwriter n.保险商
adverse adj.反向的
- adverse selection （insurance）
逆选择 （因有风险才购买保险）

【写作素材总结】

Key takeaways:
[1]. The best-known example was provided by ….
[2]. markedly raise…
[3]. secure an advantage over…