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Thanks to monday.com for sponsoring this episode.
感谢monday.com对本期视频的赞助。
monday.com is a team management tool that helps you manage deadlines, connect people, and boost collaboration.
monday.com是一个团队管理工具，可以帮助你管理截止日期、提供联系、促进合作。
If you've ever been on a long road trip, you may have gotten an hour or so in only to notice you're feeling kinda relaxed. Tired, even.
如果你曾经历过长途旅行，你可能会有一个小时左右的时间来放松自己，但还是很累的情况。
That's not just a problem for getting to your destination on time.
这不仅仅是准时到达目的地的问题。
According to the UK's Royal Society for the Prevention of Accidents, driver fatigue may contribute to around 20 percent of road accidents.
根据英国事故预防皇家协会的数据，20%的道路交通事故可能由疲劳驾驶造成。
Of course, not catching all the right Z's the night before is one thing,
当然前一天晚上睡不好觉是一回事
but nodding off in cars seems to happen even if you're healthy and rested. In other words, a lot of us are prone to this effect.
但即使你身体健康，休息好了，还是会在车里打瞌睡。换言之，我们很多人都有这种倾向。
And we actually don't totally understand why. One idea is that white noise makes us sleepy.
实际上我们并不完全明白其中的原因。有一种观点是，白噪音让我们昏昏欲睡。
In this case, the low drone of tires passing over the road. And there have been a few small studies to test that idea.
在这种情况下，低嗡嗡的轮胎穿过道路。已经有一些小研究来验证这个观点。
For example, in a 2015 study, nineteen participants were asked to drive on simulated roads both quiet and loud.
例如，2015年的一项研究，19名参与者被要求在安静和吵闹的模拟道路上驾驶。
And when they drove on the loud road, they showed more signs of fatigue — like driving more slowly or accidentally crossing lanes.
当他们在吵闹的道路上行驶时，他们表现出了更多疲劳的迹象—如车速更慢或不小心穿越车道。
But there are a few snags. For one thing, people didn't actually say they felt more tired,
但也存在一些障碍。首先，大家并没有说他们感到更累，
so it's really hard to tell whether noise was really the causal factor.
所以真的很难辨别噪音是否真的是起因。
Instead it might be the vibration of the car, rather than the road noise, that makes us drowsy.
也有可能是汽车的震动而不是路上的噪音让我们昏昏欲睡。
That's the conclusion of a 2018 study where fifteen participants sat in a driving simulator that had been rigged up to a vibration table.
这是2018年的一项研究得出的结论，当时有15名参与者坐在安装振动台的驾驶模拟器中。
Participants were asked to "drive" for an hour at high speed while the platform either vibrated four to seven times per second, or was still.
参与者被要求以高速“驾驶”一小时，同时平台要么每秒震动4至7次，要么保持平稳。
They rated how sleepy they felt before and after driving, and the researchers monitored their heart rate as a measure of drowsiness.
他们对开车前和开车后的困倦程度进行了评估，研究人员监测了他们的心率，以此来测量他们的困倦程度。
After pretend driving for an hour, those who had been vibrating said they felt really sleepy, whereas those who got the smooth ride didn't.
在模拟驾驶一小时后，那些一直在振动的人表示他们感觉很困，而那些平稳的人则没有。
And it didn't even take that full hour for those in the vibrating group to start showing signs of fatigue.
振动组的人甚至没过一小时就开始表现出疲劳的迹象。
After just fifteen minutes of driving, those participants' heart rate patterns indicated they were drowsy.
在驾驶仅15分钟后，那些参与者的心率表明他们很困倦。
Now I'm thinking that we need somebody to shake my bed!
现在我想让人来摇动我的床！
What the researchers think was happening was that the vibration was activating drivers' parasympathetic nervous system
研究人员认为震动激活了司机的副交感神经系统
which, generally speaking, slows and relaxes the body.
减缓并放松了他们的身体。
What's kind of strange was that the heart rate pattern researchers saw was actually a sign of sympathetic nervous system activation.
奇怪的是，研究人员发现的心率模式实际上是交感神经系统激活的迹象。
Which, again broadly speaking, does the opposite. It's responsible for the fight or flight response, for example.
从广义上讲，它的作用是相反的。例如，它其实负责的是或战或逃反应。
The researchers concluded that this sympathetic activation was a sign of the body trying to compensate for the drowsiness brought on by the vibration.
研究人员总结到这种交感兴奋是身体试图补偿由振动引起的睡意的信号。
In other words, the vibration is making a person sleepy, making it harder for them to drive,
换句话说，振动使人昏昏欲睡，使他们更难驾驶，
so the sympathetic system kicks in to help them concentrate, which shows up in the form of changes to their heart rate.
然后交感神经系统介入帮助他们集中注意力，其表现为心率的变化。
Maybe cars of the future will have some extra shock absorption to minimize all that jigglin' so I won't be so sleepy.
也许未来的汽车会有一些额外的减震器来减少震动，这样我就不会那么困了。
But until then, at least you know to look out for rough roads if you want to avoid carcolepsy.
但在那之前，如果你想避免一上车就想睡觉的症状，至少你知道要注意崎岖的道路。
Also, if you're feeling sleepy at all, go pull off, get some Wendy's or something. Don't take the risk.
还有，如果你觉得困了，就去吃点温蒂汉堡什么的。千万别冒险。
There are way more people behind the scenes here at SciShow than you normally see on the screen.
《科学秀》的幕后工作者比你在屏幕上看到的要多得多。
From writers and editors to hosts and producers, it takes a whole team to make these videos.
从作者到编辑再到主持人和制片人，制作这些视频需要一个完整的团队。
And it takes good tools to keep a team like this one running smoothly. That's where things like Monday.com can come in.
还需要好的工具来保持这样一个团队的平稳运行。所以就用到了Monday.com这样的网站。
Monday.com is a team management tool that works for teams of any size, from two freelancers working together to worldwide collaborations.
Monday.com是一个团队管理工具，适用于任何规模的团队，从一起工作的自由职业者到全球合作。
Its visual layout is digestible and easy to use, and can replace bulkier, more burdensome spreadsheets and whiteboards.
它的视觉布局易于理解和使用，并可以取代繁重的电子表格和白板。
And you can even toggle between multiple layouts to find one that works best for you.
你甚至可以在多个布局之间切换，找到最适合你的一个。
From general goals to day-to-day specifics, monday.com can help coordinate it all. Check out the link in the description to learn more.
从一般目标到日常细节，monday.com都可以帮助你协调所有。点击链接以了解更多信息。
