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Stem Cells
干细胞
A stem cell is a basic type of cell that can divide into more specialized cells during reproduction.
干细胞是一种基本类型的细胞，在增殖过程中可以分裂成更专门的细胞。
There are two different types of human stem cells: embryonic stem cells, which are found in the tissue of embryos, and adult stem cells, which are found in fully developed humans.
人类干细胞有两种不同的类型：胚胎干细胞和成体干细胞，前者存在于胚胎组织中，后者存在于发育完全的人体中。
The main difference is that embryonic stem cells can become any kind of cell, but adult stem cells can only become cells for certain types of tissue.
主要区别是胚胎干细胞可以成为任何类型的细胞，但成体干细胞只能成为某种组织的细胞。
In recent years, doctors and researchers have become very interested in the medical uses of human stem cells.
近年来，医生和研究人员对人类干细胞的医疗用途非常感兴趣。
Stem cells could be used to treat illnesses such as cancer, and regenerate tissue in organs that would otherwise require a transplant.
干细胞可以用来治疗癌症等疾病，并在原本需要移植的器官中生成新的组织。
Research has even shown that it is possible to genetically modify adult stem cells to behave like embryonic stem cells, which would make it much easier to grow any kind of tissue.
研究甚至表明，对成体干细胞进行基因改造，使其像胚胎干细胞一样活动是可能的，这将使生长任何类型的组织都变得更加容易。
