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Quantum mechanics is a highly successful’ theory: it supplies methods for accurately calculating the results of diverse experiments, especially with minute particles. The predictions of quantum mechanics, however, give only the probability of an event, not a deterministic statement of whether or not the event will occur. Because of this probabilism, Einstein remained strongly dissatisfied with the theory throughout his life, though he did not maintain that quantum mechanics is wrong. Rather, he held that it is incomplete: in quantum mechanics the motion of a particle must be described in terms of probabilities, he. Argued, only because some parameters that determine the motion have not been specified. If these hypothetical “hidden parameters” were known, a fully deterministic trajectory could be defined. Significantly, this hidden- parameter quantum theory leads to experimental predictions different from those of traditional quantum mechanics. Einstein’s ideas have been tested by experiments performed since his death, and as most of these experiments support traditional quantum mechanics, Einstein’s approach is almost certainly erroneous.
It can be inferred from the passage that the author's conclusion that Einstein's approach is “erroneous” (line15) might have to be modified because
AIt is theoretically possible to generate plausible theories with hidden parameters within them
BSome experimental tests of Einstein's theory do not disconfirm the hidden-parameter theory of quantum mechanics
Cit is possible for a theory to have hidden parameters and yet be probabilistic
DTraditional quantum mechanics has not yet been used to analyze all of the phenomena to which it could be applied
EThere are too many possible hidden parameters to develop meaningful tests of hidden- parameter theories
According to the passage, Einstein posed objections to the
Aexistence of hidden parameters in quantum theory
Bprobabilistic nature of quantum mechanics
Cidea that quantum mechanics is incomplete
Dresults of experiments testing quantum theory
Eimportance .accorded quantum mechanics in physics
The passage suggests that which of the following would have resulted if the experiments mentioned :in lines (11-14) had not supported the predictions of traditional quantum mechanics?
AEinstein, had he been alive, would have revised his approach to quantum mechanics.
BHidden-parameter .theories would have been considered inaccurate descriptions of real- world phenomena.
CA deterministic description of the motion of a particle might still be considered possible.
DQuantum mechanics would have ceased to attract the attention of physicists.
EEinstein, had he been alive, would have abandoned attempts to specify the hidden parameters that describe motion.
