1.It was a travelling show of animals and people working under a large tent, later known as the Big Top.

afterward(s), later

这两个副词均有“后来，以后”之意

afterward(s)与later的不同之处有两点：

afterwards指一整段时间之后，一般不分具体时间连用，而later常指一个具体的时间点之后LUSeRX(u^X;U~P@P(hP。

afterward(s)强调事物的先后顺序，而later侧重“迟、推迟”=DEpMx[o5~zAE,wQZ。

2.A circus moved from town to town, putting on shows with trained animals, acrobats doing difficult tricks, and funny,colorful clowns.

put on上演；举办；展出

The band are hoping to put on a UK show before the end of the year...
那个乐队希望年底之前在英国举办一场演出wo8RowCfQ@EyEeQFh。

3.Calm down and get your work done.

calm down (使)平静下来;(使)镇定下来
Calm down for a minute and listen to me...
你安静一会儿，听我说bC|v*rt]NRoZsSaY。

4.They look funny with their big red noses, painted faces and clothes that are much too large for them.

much too太…；非常…

She's much too fond of the sound of her own voice.
她总是说个不停PqGDh|+,O@fxCIW4。