1.so-called 所谓的
How have these so-called improvements helped the local community?
这些所谓的进步对当地社会有什么帮助呢?
2.up in the air 天空中
You'd turn on the water, and it would shoot straight up in the air.
你若打开水龙头,水会直往上喷 。
3.hold on to 守住
Jane is determined to hold on to her fortune.
简决心要守住自己的财产 。
4.on the ground 地面上
I set the log on the ground and shaved off the bark
我将原木放到了地上,刨掉了树皮 。
5.be reasonable to 合理的
It seems reasonable to expect rapid urban growth.
似乎有理由期望城市快速发展 。