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Since the beginning of 2021, at least 17 states have passed measures aimed at how public schools can teach highly debated subjects, says the publication EducationWeek.
《教育周刊》称，自2021年初以来，至少有17个州通过了针对公立学校如何教授备受争议的话题的措施。
These efforts, however, have caused concern among some teachers of Advanced Placement, or AP, classes.
然而，这些努力却引起了一些大学先修课程教师的担忧。
These are college-level classes taught to high school students.
这些是教授给高中生的大学水平的课程。
AP classes in U.S. History, for example, require discussion of subjects like slavery and European colonization.
例如，美国历史先修课程要求讨论奴隶制和欧洲殖民等话题。
Legislative measures aimed at limiting disputed ideas in schools have been mainly led by Republican Party lawmakers.
旨在限制学校中有争议的想法的立法措施主要是由共和党议员主导的。
Some of the measures are aimed at preventing the teaching of Critical Race Theory, or CRT.
其中一些措施旨在禁止有关“批判性种族理论”的教学内容。
CRT is a way of understanding American society that places great importance on how race shaped its politics and culture.
“批判性种族理论”是一种了解美国社会的方式，它非常重视种族如何影响美国的政治和文化。
It is taught in universities.
它是大学课程。
Some officials say there is little evidence that CRT is being taught a lot in American public schools.
一些官员表示，几乎没有证据表明美国公立学校正在大量教授“批判性种族理论”课程。
EducationWeek says several other states have similar bills currently under consideration.
《教育周刊》表示，其他几个州目前也在考虑类似的法案。
It has been following efforts to pass these kinds of education measures around the country.
它一直在追踪美国各地为通过这类教育措施所做的努力。
The measures are different depending on where they are being introduced.
这些措施因实施地点的不同而有所不同。
In Ohio, for example, a bill that was introduced last May would ban school districts from "teaching, advocating, or promoting divisive concepts."
例如，在俄亥俄州，去年5月提出的一项法案禁止学区“教授、倡导或宣传分裂概念”。
Divisive concepts are ideas that cause a lot of disagreement between people.
分裂概念指的是在人与人之间引起许多分歧的想法。
A New Hampshire bill would ban teaching "a negative account or representation of the founding and history of the United States of America…"
新罕布什尔州的一项新法案禁止教授“有关美利坚合众国建国和历史的负面表述”。
But some teachers doubt it is possible to teach some subjects without raising questions that cause people to disagree.
但一些教师怀疑，如果不提出引发分歧的问题，还能否教授某些科目。
Tassie Zahner is an AP American history teacher in Montgomery County, Maryland.
塔西·扎纳是马里兰州蒙哥马利县的美国历史先修课程教师。
She told VOA last year that it would be very hard to teach her class without teaching America's history of racism.
她去年告诉美国之音，如果不教授美国的种族主义历史，她将很难在课堂上授课。
"In order to teach an AP U.S. history class correctly you have to talk about those things," she said.
她说：“为了正确地教授美国历史先修课程，你必须谈论这些事情。”
"You can't prepare students…if you're not teaching the truth about U.S. history."
“如果你不教授美国历史的真相，你就无法让学生做好准备。”
AP is a nationwide program that provides high school students with college-level classes.
大学先修课程是一个全国性的项目，为高中生提供大学水平的课程。
Through the AP program, students can, in many cases, earn credit towards a college degree.
在许多情况下，通过大学先修课程项目，学生可以获得大学学位所需的学分。
Classes offered include history, English, math and art.
开设的课程包括历史、英语、数学和艺术。
The College Board is the non-profit organization based in New York City that creates the curriculum for high school AP classes.
美国大学理事会是一个非营利性组织，总部设在纽约市，为高中的大学先修课程制定课程。
AP classes are unlike other classes in American high schools.
大学先修课程不同于美国高中的其他课程。
The curriculum of most classes is set by local school districts.
大多数课程都是由当地学区制定的。
The College Board told EducationWeek in January that it does not know of any examples "in which state requirements conflict with the standards of college-level AP courses."
今年1月，美国大学理事会告诉《教育周刊》，他们还未得知有任何“州的要求与大学先修课程的标准相冲突”。
But in March, the group sent teachers a reminder of AP's most important ideas and values, called principles.
但在3月份，该组织向教师发送了一份提示信，说明了大学先修课程最重要的理念和价值观念，即原则。
The principles suggest the organization could bar schools from offering AP classes in districts where teachers are limited in what they can teach.
这些原则表明，该组织可能会禁止学校在教师授课内容受限的地区开设大学先修课程。
Students are "expected to analyze different perspectives from their own," the principles state.
这些原则规定，学生“应该从自己的角度分析不同的观点”。
The AP statement of principles also says: "if a school bans required topics from their AP courses, the AP Program removes the AP designation from that course and its inclusion in the AP Course Ledger provided to colleges and universities."
大学先修课程原则声明还说：“如果学校禁止在其大学先修课程中采用规定的话题，大学先修课程项目将从该课程中删除大学先修课程名称及其提供给学院和大学的大学先修课程分类表。”
Most of the legislative measures are aimed at kindergarten through 12th grade schools.
大多数立法措施针对的是幼儿园到12年级的学校。
But the New York-based non-profit organization PEN America says it found 40 bills that target what can be taught at colleges and universities.
但总部设在纽约的非营利组织美国笔会表示，他们发现40项针对学院和大学教学内容的法案。
Some political officials have said they oppose the teaching of disputed ideas in colleges.
一些政治官员表示，他们反对在大学里教授有争议的思想。
Texas Lieutenant Governor Dan Patrick said on Twitter in February: "I will not stand by and let looney Marxist University of Texas professors poison the minds of young students with Critical Race Theory."
今年2月，得克萨斯州副州长丹·帕特里克在推特上发文称：“我不会袖手旁观，任由疯狂的得克萨斯大学马克思主义学院的教授用批判性种族理论毒害年轻学生的思想。”
He added: "We banned it in publicly funded K-12 and we will ban it in publicly funded higher ed."
他还说：“我们在公立的基础教育课程中禁止它，我们也将在公立的高等教育中禁止它。”
Some college professors oppose many of the bills.
一些大学教授反对许多法案。
In a statement last year, the American Association of University Professors said that when "politicians mandate the academic content that faculty can and cannot teach … they prevent colleges and universities from fulfilling their missions."
在去年的一份声明中，美国大学教授协会表示，当“政客们强制规定教师可以教授和不能教授的学术内容时，他们就是在阻止学院和大学履行他们的使命。”
Frank Scott is an AP U.S. history teacher in Texas.
弗兰克·斯科特是得克萨斯州的一名美国历史先修课程教师。
He said discussing topics like racism and violence in the U.S. do not make students dislike the country.
他说，在美国讨论种族主义和暴力等话题并不会让学生讨厌这个国家。
He told EducationWeek that "When you're honest with the things that are not very pleasant…you have students that come around to loving this country even more, because of what it's been through."
他在接受《教育周刊》采访时表示：“当你坦诚面对那些令人不快的事情时，你的学生会因为这个国家所经历的一切而更加热爱这个国家。”
I'm Dan Novak.
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译文为可可英语翻译，未经授权请勿转载！
