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锦囊妙计5：与文章主题相关的是解
有些题日以wh－开头，它们看似是细节题，但是答案短时间内又不能在原文找到某句细节作依据。遇到这种题目时，可选择与文章主题关系最密切的选项。
【例5】
At 19, when I began studying astrophysics, it did not bother me in the least to be the only woman in the classroom. But while earning my Ph.D. at MIT and then as a post-doctor doing space research, the issue started to bother me. My every achievement－jobs, research papers, awards－was viewed through the lens of gender (性别) politics. So were my failures. Sometimes, when I was pushed into an argument on left brain versus (相对于) right brain, or nature versus nurture (培育), I would instantly fight fiercely on my behalf and all womankind.
Q: What did the author constantly fight against while doing her Ph.D. and post-doctoral research? [2007.6／T59]
A) Widespread misconceptions about nature and nurture.
B) People's stereotyped attitude towards female scientists.
C) Unfair accusations from both inside and outside her circle.
D) Lack of confidence in succeeding in space science.
【解析】原文没有任何一句话直接与题干相关，因此“近义改写是解”行不通。这时，本锦囊就显得特别有效。上文在原文中是第2段，从首段开始就可以知道文章的主题与“性别歧视”问题有关，根据这个主题筛选选项，就能发现选项B与该主题关系最密切。其中stereotyped attitude towards female是对“性别歧视”的另一种表述。这样，即使问题与答案难以定位，抓住了文章主题，就可以确定选项B是本题答案。 [答案：B]
锦囊妙计6：排除法
有时题目和答案的设置比较隐蔽。想通过定位原文这种正面进攻的方法找到答案耗时费力，那么，不妨试试排除法。如果能证明选项中的三个与题干无关，而与文中的其他话题或内容有关．这就可从反面确定剩下的那个选项为题目答案。
【例6】
Trying to criticize writing on the fly is possibly the single greatest barrier to writing that most of us encounter. If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die. If you capture the fleeting thought and simply share it with the world in raw form, no one is likely to understand. You must learn to create first and then criticize if you want to make writing the tool for thinking that it is.
The practice that can help you past your learned bad habits of trying to edit as you write" is what Elbow calls "free writing". In free writing, the objective is to get words down on paper non-stop, usually for 15-20 minutes. No stopping, no going back, no criticizing. The goal is to get the words flowing. As the words begin to flow, the ideas will come out from the shadows and let themselves be captured on your notepad or your screen.
Q: What prevents people from writing on is________. [2007.6／T63]
A) putting their ideas in raw form
B) trying to capture fleeting thoughts
C) attempting to edit as they write
D) ignoring grammatical soundness
【解析】本题题干的内容非常隐蔽，在原文难以定位。我们可以从选项入手。发现选项A、B、D都是free writin9过程中应该做的．也就是说．它们是使写作者能不断写出东西的方法，这与题干的要求正好相反，因此可以把它们排除掉。这样，虽然我们可能仍然不能确定剩下的选项C与题干明确的关系，但排除了其他三个选项。也就等于从反面证明了选项C是唯一可选的选项了。 【答案：C】
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