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Part IV Reading Comprehension （Reading in Depth） (25 minutes)
Section A
Directions:In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Some years ago I was offered a writing assignment that would require three months of travel through Europe. I had been abroad a couple of times, but I could hardly (47)____ to know my way around the continent. Moreover, my knowledge of foreign languages was (48)____to a little college French.
I hesitated. How would I, unable to speak the language, (49)____ unfamiliar with local geography or transportation systems, set up(50)____ and do research? It seemed impossible, and with considerable (51)____ I sat down to write a letter begging off. Halfway through, a thought ran through my mind: you can’t learn if you don’t try. So I accepted the assignment.
There were some bad ( 52)____. But by the time I had finished the trip I was an experienced traveler. And ever since, I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places. Without guides or even (53)____ bookings. Confident that somehow I will manage.
The point is that the new, the different, is almost by definition ( 54)____ . But each time you try something. You learn. And as the learning plies up. The world opens to you.
I’ve learned to ski at 40, and flown up the Rhine river in a (55)____. And I know I’ll go to do such things. It’s not because I’m braver or more daring than others. I’m not. But I’ll accept anxiety as another name for challenge and I believe I can (56)_____wonders.
注意：此部分试题请在答题卡2上作答。
[A] accomplish [B] advanced [C] balloon[D] claim [E] constantly
[F] declare [G] interviews [H] limited[I] manufacture [J] moments
[K] news [L] reduced [M] regret [N] scary [O] totally
Section B
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked [A], [B], [C] and [D]. You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage one
Questions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.
86 the video was notph 3, which statement is true? By almost any measure, there is a boom in Internet-based instruction. In just a few years, 34 percent of American universities have begun offering some form of distance learning (DL), and among the larger schools, it’s closer to 90 percent. If you doubt the popularity of the trend, you probably haven’t heard of the University of Phoenix. It grants degrees entirely on the basis of online instruction. It enrolls 90,000 students, a statistic used to support its claim to be the largest private university in the country.
While the kinds of instruction offered in these programs will differ, DL usually signifies a course in which the instructors post syllabi (课程大纲), reading assignments, and schedules on Websites, and students send in their assignments by e-mail. Generally speaking, face-to-face communication with an instructor is minimized or eliminated altogether.
The attraction for students might at first seem obvious. Primarily, there’s the convenience promised by courses on the Net: you can do the work, as they say, in your pajamas (睡衣). But figures indicate that the reduced effort results in a reduced commitment to the course. While dropout rate for all freshmen at American universities is around 20 percent, the rate for online students is 35 percent. Students themselves seem to understand the weaknesses inherent in the setup. In a survey conducted for Cornell, the DL division of Cornell University, less than a third of the respondents expected the quality of the online course to be as good as the classroom course.
Clearly, from the schools’ perspective, there’s a lot of money to be saved. Although some of the more ambitious programs require new investments in severs and networks to support collaborative software, most DL courses can run on existing or minimally upgraded(升级) systems. The more students who enroll in a course but don’t come to campus, the more the schools saves on keeping the lights on in the classrooms, paying doorkeepers, and maintaining parking lots. And, while there’s evidence that instructors must work harder to run a DL course for a variety of reasons, they won’t be paid any more, and might well be paid less.
57. What is the most striking feature of the University of Phoenix?
[A] All its courses are offered online.
[B] Its online courses are of the best quality.
[C] It boasts the largest number of students on campus.
[D] Anyone taking its online courses is sure to get a degree.
58. According to the passage, distance learning is basically characterized by _________.
[A] a considerable flexibility in its academic requirements
[B] the great diversity of students’ academic backgrounds
[C] a minimum or total absence of face-to-face instruction
[D] the casual relationship between students and professors
59. Many students take Internet-based courses mainly because they can ________.
[A] earn their academic degrees with much less effort
[B] save a great deal on traveling and boarding expense
[C] select courses from various colleges and universities
[D] work on the required courses whenever and wherever
60. What accounts for the high drop-out rates for online students?
[A] There is no strict control over the academic standards of the courses.
[B] The evaluation system used by online universities is inherently weak.
[C] There is no mechanism to ensure that they make the required effort.
[D] Lack of classroom interaction reduces the effectiveness of instruction.
61. According to the passage, universities show great enthusiasm for DL programs for the purpose of ________.
[A] building up their reputation [B] cutting down on their expenses
[C] upgrading their teaching facilities[D] providing convenience for students
Passage two
Questions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.
If you want to teach your children how to say sorry, you must be good at saying it yourself, especially to your own children. But how you say it can be quite tricky.
If you say to your children “I’m sorry I got angry with you, but …” what follows that “but” can render the apology ineffective: “I had a bad day” or “your noise was giving me a headache ” leaves the person who has been injured feeling that he should be apologizing for his bad behavior in expecting an apology.
Another method by which people appear to apologize without actually doing so is to say “I’m sorry you’re upset”; this suggests that you are somehow at fault for allowing yourself to get upset by what the other person has done.
Then there is the general, all covering apology, which avoids the necessity of identifying a specific act that was particularly hurtful or insulting, and which the person who is apologizing should promise never to do again. Saying “I’m useless as a parent” does not commit a person to any specific improvement.
These pseudo-apologies are used by people who believe saying sorry shows weakness. Parents who wish to teach their children to apologize should see it as a sign of strength, and therefore not resort to these pseudo-apologies.
But even when presented with examples of genuine contrition, children still need help to become aware of the complexities of saying sorry. A three-year-old might need help in understanding that other children feel pain just as he does, and that hitting a playmate over the head with a heavy toy requires an apology. A six-year-old might need reminding that spoiling other children’s expectations can require an apology. A 12-year-old might need to be shown that raiding the biscuit tin without asking permission is acceptable, but that borrowing a parent’s clothes without permission is not.
62. If a mother adds “but” to an apology, ________.
[A] she doesn’t feel that she should have apologized
[B] she does not realize that the child has been hurt
[C] the child may find the apology easier to accept
[D] the child may feel that he owes her an apology
63. According to the author, saying “I’m sorry you’re upset” most probably means “_______”
[A] You have good reason to get upset[B] I’m aware you’re upset, but I’m not to blame
[C] I apologize for hurting your feelings [D] I’m at fault for making you upset
64. It is not advisable to use the general, all-covering apology because______.
[A] it gets one into the habit of making empty promises
[B] it may make the other person feel guilty
[C] it is vague and ineffective [D] it is hurtful and insulting
65. We learn from the last paragraph that in teaching children to say sorry______.
[A] the complexities involved should be ignored [B] their ages should be taken into account
[C] parents need to set them a good example [D] parents should be patient and tolerant
66. It can be inferred from the passage that apologizing properly is _________.
[A] a social issue calling for immediate attention [B] not necessary among family members
[C] a sign of social progress [D] not as simple as it seems
