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二、寻找主题句的方法
正确的解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。一般来说，一篇文章常常会围绕着一个中心思想或一个主要话题展开，而这个话题又常常通过一个能比较全面地覆盖或概括文章意思的句子，即所谓的“主题句”来体现。那么，主题句通常在哪里呢？(1)主题句在文首；(2)主题句在文中；(3)主题句在文末；(4)主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末。
1. 主题句在文首
这类文章写法上的特点是：文章的第一句起着点题的作用，概括了文章的主要内容或信息，下文接着对主题句所涉及的话题进行具体的阐述。如：(全国高考题)
A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students — 18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung(阶梯)out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest (竞赛)on Tuesday evening.
The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14.
"Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!" said a teacher from Guangdong province.
Named after China's most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognized by the State Education Commission(国家教委) as the country's biggest and best contest of its kind.
This news story is mainly about ______.
A. when the contest started
B. how the contest got its name
C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest
D. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest
【分析】这是一篇报道，文章的第一段只有两句话：“20个学生(2女18男)有充分的理由为自己感到自豪，因为他们夺得了第五届华罗庚杯数学竞赛的金奖，是4百万参赛学生中的佼佼者”，下文接着对竞赛的有关情况进行报道，因此，第一段实际上就是这篇报道的主题句。A、B、C分别只包含了报道的部分信息，显然不合题意；D选项与主题句的意思完全一致，因此是正确答案。
