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Ⅱ 阅读 (共两节, 满分50分)
第一节 阅读理解(共20小题；每小题2分,满分40分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
【题文】A
Why don’t so many Americans accept the theory of evolution? A 2001 Gallup Poll found that 45 percent of Americans agree with the statement “God created the human being pretty much in their present form at one time within the last 10,000 years or so ”, while 37 percent preferred a mixed belief that “Human beings have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God guided this process”, and only 12percent accepted the standard scientific theory that “Human being have developed over millions of years from less advanced forms of life, but God had no part in this process”.
There are at least four reasons to make people resistant to accepting evolution.
1. The warfare model of science and religion. The belief that there is a war between science and religion where one is right and the other is wrong, and that one must choose one over the other.
2. The belief that evolution is a threat to specific religious tenets(信条). Many people attempt to use science to prove certain religious tenets, but when they do not appear to fit, the science is rejected.
3. Misunderstanding of evolutionary theory. A significant problem is that most people know so little about the theory. In the 2001 Gallup Poll, for example, a quarter of the people surveyed said they didn’t know enough to say whether they accepted evolution or not, and only 34 percent considered themselves to be “very informed ” about the theory.
4. The fear that evolution degrades our humanity. Darwin revealed us to be “mere animals”, subject to the same natural laws and historical forces as all other animals.
Believers should embrace science, especially evolutionary theory, for what it has done to uncover the magnificence of the divinity(神学) in a depth never dreamed by our ancient ancestors. We have learned a lot in 4,000 years, and that knowledge should never be denied. Instead, science should be welcomed by all who cherish human understanding and wisdom.
26. According to the Poll, most people in America believe_____________.
A. human beings have developed from less advanced forms of life
B. God contributed to the present form of human beings
C. God created human beings in the present form
D. God guided the process of human beings’ development
27. Which of the following is NOT the reason why people don’t accept evolution?
A. There is always a war between evolution and religion.
B. Some religious tenets can’t be proved by science.
C. Many people don’t know enough about evolution.
D. They fear that we will become “mere animals”.
28. What can we learn form the passage about evolutionary theory?
A. Whether evolutionary theory is science is a question.
B. It has explained the brilliance of the divinity better than before.
C. It must make religion disappear and they can’t exist at the same time.
D. Darwin made little contribution to the theory.
29. What is the writer’s view on the evolutionary theory?
A. It is not science and should be resisted. B. It is science but should be resisted.
C. It is not science but should be accepted. D. It is science and should be accepted.
30. The author wrote the passage to_________________.
A. tell the readers that many Americans refuse evolution theory.
B. tell the readers why so many Americans refuse evolution theory.
C. advise the readers to value science, including evolution theory.
D. tell the difference between science and religion.
【题文】B
Alibaba started taking the lead in China, simply enough, by connecting big Chinese manufacturers(制造商)with big buyers across the world. Its business-to-business site, Alibaba.com allowed business to buy almost everything. Alibaba’s advantage wasn’t hard to identify: size. Alibaba is just big, even by Chinese standards. Its marketplaces attract 231 million active buyers, 8 million sellers, 11.3 billion orders a year—and Alibaba is just the middleman. It encourages people to use its markets—not charging small sellers a percentage of the sale.
If you want a quick look into the influence of Alibaba on daily Chinese life, take my experience. I moved to Beijing almost a year ago and quickly got tired of visiting small stores across the crowded, polluted city of 20 million people in search of new electronics, bathroom furnishings, and anything else my wife wanted. “You’re looking for what exactly? Why not try it? ” my Chinese teacher asked me one day. With that, my wonderful new relationship with Alibaba began.
Alibaba’s original business-to-business model now is secondary to consumer buying. Chinese retail（零售）buying makes up 80% of Alibaba’s profit, and leading that group is Taobao, with 800 million items for sale and the most unbelievable selection of things you’ll ever find. TMall.com is Alibaba’s other big site, where you can find brand name goods from Nike and Unilever near the lowest prices.
What I have a hard time explaining to friends and family back in the U.S. is how China has gone beyond traditional shopping—big-box retailers especially —in favor of online purchases on Taobao and a few other sites. In smaller towns than Beijing, where big retailers have not yet traveled, shopping online is shopping, and shopping is Taobao.
I have a list of some of my recent purchases on Taobao for a sense of how extensive the marketplace is. Almost everything arrived a day or two after ordering with free shipping. I’m not even a big buyer, because I need friends to help me search the Chinese-language site. When I was searching my purchase history on my Chinese teacher’s iPad, which helps me buy goods, I looked through with great difficulty about 10 of her purchases for every one of mine.
31. Alibaba’s advantage mainly lies in ___________.
A. its big size B. its business-to-business service
C. its not charging small sellers D. its low price
32. What can we learn from the underlined sentence in the passage?
A. Alibaba is of middle size among all the online sites
B. Alibaba will continue to develop.
C. Alibaba stands out as the best online site.
D. Alibaba acts as a bridge between the buyers and sellers.
33. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?
A. a new store B. Alibaba C. a business D. a foreign website
34. What can be inferred from the passage?
A. The author’s Chinese teacher is also an online purchase lover.
B. Taobao has no obvious advantage over other similar online sites.
C. Alibaba’s business-to-business service earns more money than retail now.
D. TMall.com provides more profit than Taobao.
35. What is the passage mainly about?
A. Shopping online is TaoBao.
B. The influence of shopping online goes beyond traditional shopping.
C. Alibaba greatly influences people’s daily purchase in China.
D. How the author purchases online in China.
