1.be oriented to 面向,本句中的 them 是指上句的 these questions.

原文：They ask them because they face a health care system that is scientifically complex, organizationally overloaded, and generally not oriented to the patient as a person.

他们之所以问这些问题， 是因为他们所面对的医疗保健体系技术深奥、机构臃肿，而且一般都没有意识到病人首先是一个“人”rGQk|q,z3f8。

2.in the midst of：在…中，在…当中

原文：Unfortunately, he developed crippling rheumatoid arthritis in the midst of his career.

但是，他们在工作期间不幸患上了风湿性关节炎1xICa7k-6d。

3.beyond question 的意思是“毫无疑问地”；sensitize sb to sth 意思是“使某人对某事敏感起来”=VwnXn%!n!.T8N^pJ。

原文：Beyond question, his own disease sensitized him to the complex mix of expectations, needs, fears, and appreciation that patients feel when facing a physical-mental trial while at the same time looking forthat perfect physician to help them.

毫无疑问，他自身的疾病使他对病人交织着期待、需要、恐惧和感激的复杂心情十分敏感Rcz@*KCSKu78WvSY+。这是患者们在经历身心煎熬、同时又盼望有那么一位德高望重的名医能给他进行诊治时所共有的感觉yGKX[wLCu!b=。

4.rheumatoid arthritis 风湿性关节炎

例句：The study was also too short to show whether TwHF can slow the joint damage caused by rheumatoid arthritis.

这项研究时间也太短，不能显示雷公藤是否能减缓由风湿性关节炎引起的关节损伤J-P#~dI=*)#d~)N。