Lesson 30 A polite request
彬彬有礼的要求

一、词汇部分：
1.park /pɑːrk/ v. 停车
名词：park 公园；theme park主题公园
扩展：parking lot 停车场；parking space 停车位
2.traffic /ˈtræf.ɪk/ n. 交通
名词：be stuck in traffic 堵在路上
3.afford /əˈfɔːrd/ v.支付得起，买得起
搭配：afford something
搭配：can/can’t afford to do sth
4.ticket /ˈtɪk.ɪt/ n. 票
例：I got a ticket for speeding. 我因为超速得到一张罚单。
5.note /noʊt/ n.便条
搭配：take notes 记笔记
6.area /ˈer.i.ə/ n.区域

文章讲解：
If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it. You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this does not always happen. Traffic police aresometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this not on my car: ‘sir, we welcome you to our city. This is a “No parking” area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to out street signs. This note is only a reminder. ’If youreceive a request like this you cannot fail to obey it.

1．If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will soon find it.
1)if 表示如果，引导条件状语从句。
第一：条件状语从句——概念，在某种条件下，主句谓语动词动作会发生。
第二：条件状语从句——结构：if 引导得部分是条件状语从句，另一部分是主句。If+ 从句，主句。
例：If you park your car in the wrong place, a traffic policeman will
soon find it.
第三：条件状语从句——最常见时态：主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。（主将从现）
如果你努力学习，你就能把英语学好。
1）条件状语从句：如果你努力学习——从现
2）主句：你就能把英语学好。——一般将来时
转：If you study hard, you will learn English well.
if引导的条件状语从句
用法例句
①主句为一般将来时态，if从句用一般
现在时态（即主将从现）。 We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.
如果明天下雨，我将要呆在家。
②主句中含有情态动词，if从句用一般现在时态。 If you finish your homework, you can go home now.如果你做完了作业，你现在可以回家了。
③主句为祈使句，if从句用一般现在时态。 Don’t jump into the river if you feel very hot. 如果你感到很热，不要跳入河里。
④主句为过去将来时，if从句用一般过去时态（如果涉及到be动词，一律都用were）。此时，表达的是和现实相反的推测，用虚拟语气。 If I were you, I wouldn’t do it like that.
如果我是你，我就不会那么做的。
If you gave me some money, I would be very happy. 如果你给我一些钱，我就会很高兴的。
1)If you study hard, you will learn English well.
2)You will learn English well If you study hard.
备注：
条件状语从句变化形式， “祈使句+and / or+简单句”。其中and表示句意顺承；or则表示转折，意为“否则”。例如：
例1:If you work harder, you’ll pass the exam.
　 =Work harder, and you’ll pass the exam. 如果你再努力些，你就会通过考试。
例2:If you don’t hurry up, you’ll miss the train.
　　=Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train. 如果你不快点儿，你就赶不上火车了。
备注：if的两面性
　　if引导条件状语从句时意为“如果”，如果引导宾语从句则意为“是否”。请比较：
　　1)We will go out if it is fine tomorrow.
　　2)I don’t know if the train has arrived.
　　句1)中if引导的是状语从句。这个从句表示“条件”，整个句子的意思是“如果明天天气好，我们就出去”。
句2) 中if引导的是宾语从句，充当谓语动词don’t know的宾语，整个句子的意思是“我不知道火车是否到了”。

【边学边做】用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
1.What will you buy if you ___have_____（have）a lot of money?
2.If it ___doesn’t snow_____（not snow）tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.
3.You mustn’t go to school if you ____are____（be）still in bed.
4.If he __were_____（be）at home at that time, he would know it. (不用管)
5.Please show me the way if you ____know____（know）it.
6.You will hurt your teeth if you __eat______（eat）too much candy.
7.If you gave me a toy car, I ___will be______（be）very happy.
8.I would get the prize if I ____worked_____（work）hard.（不用管）

2．You will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket. However, this doesnot always happen.
1)语法点：you will be very lucky if he lets you go without a ticket.
2)搭配： let someone do sth 让某人做某事；
近义表达：allow someone to do sth/ allow doing sth 允许做某事
3)however 转折词，和but 区别在于有没有逗号。

3.Traffic police are sometimes very polite. During a holiday in Sweden, I found this not onmy car: ‘sir, we welcome you to our city.
sometime/sometimes/some time/some times 辨析
a. sometimes为副词，意思为“有时”，可用于句首、句中或句末，在句中作状语。
例如：Sometimes he goes to the cinema on Sunday.星期天他有时去看电影。
2)some times是词组，意思为“几次，几倍”，其中的times为可数名词的复数形式。
例如：He has been to Beijing for some times before.他以前去过北京几次。
3)sometime指某个不明确的时间，意思为“某个时候”。
例如：We’ll take our holiday sometime in August.我们将在八月的某个时候度假。
4)some time指某一段时间，其中的time为不可数名词，意思为“时间”。
例如：I spend some time practicing speaking English every day.我每天花一些时间练习说英语。

4.This is a “No parking” area. You will enjoy your stay here if you pay attention to our street signs.
1)no doing sth 不允许做某事
NO taking photos
No Smoking
No parking
2).You will enjoy your stay here if you
pay attention to our street signs.
搭配：pay attention to 注意

5.This note is only a reminder. ’If you receive a request like this you cannot fail to obey it.
搭配：can not fail to do sth 一定会做某事
例：Cats cannot never fail to fascinate human beings. 猫总是能够抓住人的注意力。