Robert Friedland

罗伯特弗里德兰

In order to raise some cash one day, Jobs decided to sell his IBM Selectric typewriter. He walked into the room of the student who had offered to buy it only to discover that he was having sex with his girlfriend. Jobs started to leave, but the student invited him to take a seat and wait while they finished. “I thought, ‘This is kind of far out,’” Jobs later recalled. And thus began his relationship with Robert Friedland, one of the few people in Jobs’s life who were able to mesmerize him. He adopted some of Friedland’s charismatic traits and for a few years treated him almost like a guru—until he began to see him as a charlatan.

有一次，为了筹集一些现金，乔布斯决定卖掉自己的IBM电动打字机。他走进之前答应要买的那个学生的宿舍，发现对方正在和女友云雨。乔布斯准备离开，但那个学生请他坐下，等他们结束。“我当时想：‘这太离谱了吧。’”乔布斯后来回忆说。他和罗伯特·弗里德兰（RobertFriedland）的友谊也从此开始。罗伯特是乔布斯一生中少有的能以自己的魅力蛊惑他的人。乔布斯吸收了罗伯特身上一些独具魅力的特质，有几年的时间甚至将他视为自己的精神导师——直到后来把他看做吹牛欺诈的髙手。

Friedland was four years older than Jobs, but still an undergraduate. The son of an Auschwitz survivor who became a prosperous Chicago architect, he had originally gone to Bowdoin, a liberal arts college in Maine. But while a sophomore, he was arrested for possession of 24,000 tablets of LSD worth $125,000. The local newspaper pictured him with shoulder-length wavy blond hair smiling at the photographers as he was led away. He was sentenced to two years at a federal prison in Virginia, from which he was paroled in 1972. That fall he headed off to Reed, where he immediately ran for student body president, saying that he needed to clear his name from the “miscarriage of justice” he had suffered. He won.

弗里德兰比乔布斯大了4岁，但还在读本科。他的父亲是奥斯维辛集中营的幸存者，后来在芝加哥成为了一名成功的建筑师。弗里德兰原本是在缅因州的鲍登文理学院读书的。但是读大二的时候，他因为身上携带了价值125000美元的24000片迷幻药而被捕。当地报纸拍到了他被带走时的现场照片：一头及肩的波浪金发，正冲着摄影师微笑。他被判在弗吉尼亚州的一座联邦监狱服刑两年，于1972年被假释。那年秋天他来到了里德学院，立刻开始竞选学生会主席，他宣称需要洗刷“司法不公”强加给自己的罪名。他赢得了选举。

Friedland had heard Baba Ram Dass, the author of Be Here Now, give a speech in Boston, and like Jobs and Kottke had gotten deeply into Eastern spirituality. During the summer of 1973, he traveled to India to meet Ram Dass’s Hindu guru, Neem Karoli Baba, famously known to his many followers as Maharaj-ji. When he returned that fall, Friedland had taken a spiritual name and walked around in sandals and flowing Indian robes. He had a room off campus, above a garage, and Jobs would go there many afternoons to seek him out. He was entranced by the apparent intensity of Friedland’s conviction that a state of enlightenment truly existed and could be attained. “He turned me on to a different level of consciousness,” Jobs said.

弗里德兰曾经听过《此时此地》的作者拉姆·达斯导师在波士顿的一次演讲，他和乔布斯、科特基一样深深迷恋着东方精神。1973年的夏天，弗里德兰去印度拜访了拉姆·达斯的印度教导师——尼姆·卡罗里大师（NeemKaroliBaba）,也就是信众们所熟知的马哈拉杰-吉（Maharaj-ji）。弗里德兰那年秋天从印度回来后，已经起了一个宗教名字，走到哪里都是一双凉鞋和一身飘逸的印度长袍。他在校园外租了一个房间，就在一个车库顶上，很多个下午，乔布斯都会去那里找他。弗里德兰确信自我启蒙的状态确实存在，并且可以通过努力而获得，这让乔布斯十分着迷。“他让我达到了一个全新层次的觉悟。”乔布斯说。

Friedland found Jobs fascinating as well. “He was always walking around barefoot,” he later told a reporter. “The thing that struck me was his intensity. Whatever he was interested in he would generally carry to an irrational extreme.” Jobs had honed his trick of using stares and silences to master other people. “One of his numbers was to stare at the person he was talking to. He would stare into their fucking eyeballs, ask some question, and would want a response without the other person averting their eyes.”

弗里德兰也觉得乔布斯十分有魅力。“他总是赤着脚走来走去，”他后来回忆说，“让我感到震撼的是他的激情。他只要对一样东西感兴趣，就会把这种兴趣发挥到非理性的极致状态。”乔布斯熟练掌握了利用凝视和沉默来征服别人的技巧。“他的招数之一就是死死盯着正在和他讲话的人。他会一直注视着对方的眼球，然后问一个问题，要对方在不回避他目光的情况下回答。”

According to Kottke, some of Jobs’s personality traits—including a few that lasted throughout his career—were borrowed from Friedland. “Friedland taught Steve the reality distortion field,” said Kottke. “He was charismatic and a bit of a con man and could bend situations to his very strong will. He was mercurial, sure of himself, a little dictatorial. Steve admired that, and he became more like that after spending time with Robert.”

据科特基说，乔布斯的一些性格特质——包括一些伴随他职业生涯的特质——都是吸收自弗里德兰。“弗里德兰教给了史蒂夫现实扭曲力场，”科特基说，“他极富魅力，也会骗人，可以让事态屈从于他的超强意志。他很机智，充满自信，还有一点儿独断专行。史蒂夫很钦佩这些，他和罗伯特待在一起的时间久了之后，也变成了这个样子。”

Jobs also absorbed how Friedland made himself the center of attention. “Robert was very much an outgoing, charismatic guy, a real salesman,” Kottke recalled. “When I first met Steve he was shy and self-effacing, a very private guy. I think Robert taught him a lot about selling, about coming out of his shell, of opening up and taking charge of a situation.” Friedland projected a high-wattage aura. “He would walk into a room and you would instantly notice him. Steve was the absolute opposite when he came to Reed. After he spent time with Robert, some of it started to rub off.”

乔布斯也从弗里德兰身上学会了怎样让自己成为焦点。“罗伯特是个非常善于交际也非常有魅力的人，一个真正的推销员，”科特基回忆说，“我第一次见到史蒂夫的时候，他羞涩又谦逊，非常内敛。我想是罗伯特教会了他怎样销售产品，怎样与别人交往，怎样展现自我，怎样控制局面。”弗里德兰身上的气场很强。“他走进一个房间，别人立刻就会注意到他。史蒂夫刚刚来到里德学院的时候则恰恰相反。他跟罗伯特相处一段时间后，身上的羞涩开始逐渐褪去。”