1.come by 得到；从旁经过

例句:How did you come by that cheque?
你是怎么弄到那张支票的？

2.in short 简而言之；短缺

例句:Food is in short supply all over the country.
全国普遍食品供应不足。

3.By contrast 相反

例句:By contrast, the comparable figure for the Netherlands is 16 per cent.
相反，荷兰的相对数字为16%。

4.turned out 证明是；结果是

例句:It turned out she was shacked up with a lawyer in New York.
原来她在纽约和一名律师同居了。