课后练习：

1. The petrochemical industry has grown with the petroleum industry and is considered by some ___ a mature industry.

A to be B / C is D be

2. The chemical industry ___ very heavily ___ petroleum.

A depend, on B depends, on C depending, with D depending, as

3. It is likely ____ in excess of 90% of the literally thousands of different basic organic chemicals employed today are _____ these sources.

A which, derived from B which, derive from

C that, derive from D that, derived from

4. The _____ of materials such as petrochemicals is used to indicate the source of the chemical compounds.

A classify B classified C classification D classic

5. For example, the various reactions of petroleum heavy ends, in particular the asphaltenes, indicate that these materials may be regarded ____ chemical entities and are able to participate ______ numerous chemical or physical conversions to, perhaps, more useful materials.

A in, as B to, with C as, in D with, to

6. The petroleum era was_____ in by the 1859 finding at Titusville, Pennsylvania, but the flourishing of chemicals from petroleum has been only since the early twentieth century.

A used B ushered C usher D push

7.Natural gas is quite _____ in composition, but the major constituent (>60%) is methane.

A viable B variable C variety D vary

8. However, as is the case with the latest trends in changing crude oil types, it must also _____ to meet changing technological needs.

A revolve B involve C evolve D solve

9.The manufacture of chemicals or chemical intermediates from petroleum and natural gas constituents ____an excellent example of the _____of such materials to more valuable products.

A is, conversion B are, conversion C be, convert D was, conversation

10.The processing of petroleum hydrocarbon to yield materials that ____, essentially, the building blocks of other chemicals industries, ____now very extensive.

A is, is B are, is C are, are D is, are

11.Gasoline, kerosene, fuel oils. Lubricating oils, waxes, asphalts, and the like are ___ from the definition of petrochemicals, since they are not, in the true sense, chemical compounds but are in fact intimate mixtures of hydrocarbons.

A included B excluded C concluded D abstract

12. For example, the sulfonated and sulfomethlated materials and their derivatives have satisfactorily_____ tests as drilling mud thinners, and the results are comparable to those obtained with commercial mud thinners.

A undergone B undergo C gone D underwent

13.Reactions incorporating nitrogen and phosphorus into the asphaltenes are particularly significant at a time when the effects on the environment of many materials containing these elements are receiving ______ attention.

A consider B considerate C consideration D considerable

14.Other parameters, particularly the economics of the reaction sequences, including the costs of the reactant equipment, must also ____ consideration.

A take into B taken into C be taken into D to take into

答案：1A 2B 3D 4C 5C 6B 7B 8C 9A 10B 11B 12A 13D 14C