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8. Some Egyptian doctors had specialized fields of study.
部分古埃及医生早已开始细化医学研究
An ancient physician was usually a jack-of-all-trades, but evidence shows that Egyptian doctors sometimes focused on healing only one part of the human body.
一般来说，古代的内科医师都是杂家，但有史料表明，在埃及，部分医师有时只专门治疗身体某部位的疾病。
This early form of medical specialization was first noted in 450 B.C. by the traveler and historian Herodotus. Discussing Egyptian medicine, he wrote, “Each physician is a healer of one disease and no more…some of the eye, some of the teeth, some of what pertains to the belly.”
早在公元前450年，希罗多德，古希腊著名旅行家、历史学家，他首次发现了这种医学分科细化的早期形式。关于埃及医学，他写道：“每位医师只专注于治疗一种疾病，仅限于一种......有人治疗眼睛疾病，有人治疗牙齿，有人研究肚子里的器官。”
These specialists even had specific names. Dentists were known as "doctors of the tooth," while the term for proctologists literally translates to "shepherd of the anus."
这些专家还有专业的名字。如牙医被称为“牙齿专用医师”，直肠科医师的名称字面意思就是“肛门的看管者”。
