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Hi, my name is Rebecca from www.engvid.com. In today's lesson, we will be talking about good manners or what can also be referred to sometimes as cross-cultural skills.
大家好，我是Rebecca。今天这节课我们将学习商务礼仪或者我们也可将之称为跨文化技能。
What does that mean? It's the skills that you need to function effectively in a different culture than your own.
什么是跨文化技能呢？就是在不同的文化背景下，需要有效运用的技能。
So for example: if I were to come to your country and learn your language, do you think that would be enough?
例如：如果我要去你所在的国家，仅学习你们的语言，你认为这样就足够了么？
Not really, because along with the language, I also need to learn what's acceptable, what's not okay in that particular culture.
当然不是，因为除了学习语言之外，我还要了解在你们的文化中，什么是可接受的，什么是不能够做的。
So today, we'll be talking about 12 things that you need to say and do when you're living or working in an English speaking environment. Okay?
所以今天，我们将学习，当你在说英语的国家里生活工作时，你需要说和做的12件事。
Let's get started. So first we'll talk about what you should say.
那么开始我们的学习。首先，我们先来谈谈，你应该说什么。
The first one is using the word: 'please'. Now, everybody knows that you should say 'please', but not everybody remembers to actually say it.
第一个就是学会说：‘请’。如今，每个人都知道应该说‘请’，但是并不是每个人都记得。
So for example: if you go into a coffee shop, don't just say:'Coffee', say: 'Coffee,please'.
例如：如果你去咖啡厅，不要只说：‘咖啡’，应该说，‘咖啡，谢谢’。
Or if you're asking someone else to do something, also remember: 'Could you please turn off your cellphone?', for example. All right?
或是当你开口做事时，同样记住说：‘能麻烦您关掉手机么？’
Next: remember to say 'thank you', whenever somebody does something. 'Thank you', 'You're welcome', these are phrases that we do use very often in English.
下一个：不论人家帮忙做了什么，记得说‘谢谢’。‘谢谢’，‘不客气’，这些确实都是英语中经常用到的短语。
And it could be for anything simple like somebody holding the door for you or it could be for something more elaborate like somebody giving you a birthday present. Okay?
可能别人只是做了一件小事，比如帮你留门或是为你送上生日礼物，都应该说声谢谢，明白了么？
The way you say it, say it from your heart. Okay? 'Thank you', 'Thank you very much', and so on.
当你说谢谢的时候，一定要发自内心，好么？‘谢谢’，‘非常感谢，等等。
The next one is to say 'sorry' or even better to say 'I'm sorry', because 'I'm sorry' is more personal. But otherwise, at least say 'sorry'.
下一个是说‘抱歉’或是说‘我感到抱歉’更好，因为‘我很抱歉’更加私人化。至少也得说‘抱歉’。
And again, you can say 'sorry' for little things like, perhaps stepping on someone's foot or if you bang into someone by mistake,
再强调一下，对一些小事，你可以说‘抱歉’，比如，踩到别人脚或是不小心撞到别人，
you bump into someone by mistake somewhere in a crowded place, still apologize, say: 'I'm sorry', 'I'm sorry', 'I'm sorry', Okay? We do use that quite often.
在拥挤的地方撞上别人，也要道歉，说‘我很抱歉’，明白了么？我们确实经常使用这个短语。
Next one: 'Excuse me'. Now,'excuse me', you can say when you sneeze. Right? Achoo!'Excuse me'.
下一个：“打扰一下’。当你打喷嚏时，你可以用到这个短语。
Or if you need to ask somebody for some information, you can say: 'Excuse me, would you know where the nearest subway is?' Right?
或者如果你需要咨询别人，你可以说：‘打扰一下，你知道最近的地铁站在哪么？
So this is a very useful expression and it's also a polite expression.
这是一个非常有用且礼貌的表达。
The next one is to remember to greet people and also to wish people.
下一个是记得和别人打招呼以及祝福别人。
By greeting people, even at work, if you're working in an English speaking environment,
如果你在说英语的环境中工作，跟别人打招呼，
remember we do say 'good morning', 'good night', 'happy birthday', 'happy New Year', 'congratulations'. So greet people, and also wish them on the appropriate days.
记住我们会说’早上好‘、‘晚安’、‘生日快乐’、‘新年快乐’、‘恭喜’。不仅要打招呼，还要在合适的时间祝福别人。
The next one might seem obvious also, but again, it's the way that you do it. Even if you work in an office, in the morning, we can say: 'Hey, good morning. How are you?',
下一点可能看起来是理所当然的，但是，再次强调一下，你需要这么做。即使是在办公室里，我们也可以说：‘嘿，早上好，你好么？’
And when you ask: 'How are you?', even though you're not expected to give a full answer, but whatever answer someone gives you, remember to listen.
当你问：‘你好么？’时，即使你并没有期待对方会给你一个完整的答案，但是不论对方给的是什么样的答案，记住要听他的回答。
Don't start talking right away. Wait to hear if the other person is saying: 'Oh, pretty good. I'm fine. How are you?'
不要马上开始说话。要等待看对方是否给出回答：‘很好，我很好，你怎么样？’
Hear all of that before you start speaking about your own disposition, your own state of mind. Okay? Listen to the answer. All right?
在谈论自己的心情状态前，听完对方的回答，明白了么？倾听别人的回答，好么？
So these are six things that you must remember to do, they are taken for granted and they are expected of you.
以上是6件你记住必须要做的事，它们是理所当然要做的事，是希望你能做到的事。
Next: let's look at what you should do. This seventh one here says: 'Smile'. Smiling creates a more friendly environment and it's certainly expected.
下面让我们看看你应该做什么。第七点是要：‘微笑’。微笑能创造出友好的环境。
So try to do that, again, it doesn't mean you have to keep smiling, but when you meet someone, give them a smile.
尝试微笑，这并不意味着你需要一直笑，只是当你遇见某人的时候，微微笑一下。
If you don't smile, they might think that you're nervous, they might think you're angry or unhappy about something. Okay? Or they might take it a little bit aggressively.
如果你不微笑，他们可能会觉得你很紧张，你很生气或是不开心。或者他们可能会认为这是不友好的意味。
So try to smile, it makes the... It also gives people the message that everything is okay, not just that you're happy to meet them, but that everything is fine with you.
所以试着微笑，微笑也给别人传递一种信息，似乎一切正常，并不是意味着见到他们你很开心，而是你一切安好。
So it says two things: something about you and something about the other person.
这里就谈到了两件事：一是关于你自己，一是关于其他人。
Next: shake hands. Now, that's usually in a more business-like situation, in an office or somewhere, and certainly when you meet somebody for the first time.
下一个：握手。如今握手在商务场合和办公室更加常见，特别是当你与某人第一次见面时。
In an English speaking environment, you are expected to shake hands and shake hands rather firmly. Don't shake hands very weakly or just hold a part of the hand.
在英语环境下，你需要握手，并且握手时要有力度。不要只是虚弱地握一下或仅握住一小部分。
Hold the entire hand and shake it firmly. All right? That's, again, part of the office expectation and the business norm.
握住这只手并且有力度地晃动，明白了么？我强调一下，握手是办公室和商务准则的一部分。
The next one is to remember to cover your mouth. What do I mean? Not all the time, but if you need to yawn. What does it mean to yawn?
下一个，记住遮住你的嘴巴。这是什么意思呢？不是让你一直都遮住，而是当你需要打哈欠的时候。打哈欠是什么呢？
It's what you do when you're sleepy and... [yawn], right? We yawn.
就是当你很困时，你会这样。
So when you do that, if it happens and you're in a group or in a office or something like that, remember to cover your mouth.
当你在小组内或是办公室打哈欠时，记住遮住你的嘴。
You can cover it this way like this or some people cover it this way. Okay? So cover your mouth.
你可以像这样遮住它，或者有些人会这样，好么？打哈欠时遮住你的嘴。
Also, if you're coughing, remember to cough aside. Okay? You can do that.
同样，当你咳嗽时，记得撇在一边咳嗽。你可以做到的。
Actually, today, they teach us something quite different, they actually teach us to cough here into the inside of your elbow like this.
事实上，现在他们所教的方法有些不同，他们会告诉你在你的胳膊内咳嗽，就像这样。
Why is that? Because if you cough into your hand and then you go and shake hands with someone, you're passing your germs on to that person.
为什么要这样呢？因为如果你用手遮住咳嗽的话，你是要和别人握手的，这样一来你就将细菌传给了那个人。
And people are very aware of that these days, so it's better not to cough into your hand actually, but to cough here. Like that. Okay?
现在大家都很注重这些，所以最好不要咳在手掌里，要像这样，明白了么？
Next: remember to stand in line. In many parts of the world, there are different rules regarding lines
下一个：记得排队。在世界很多地方，关于排队的规矩都不一样
and in English speaking countries, generally people expect you to stand in line, not to crowd around, not to get in front of somebody,
在说英语的国家，通常都会希望你排队，而不是挤在一团，不要插队，
not to look for a place and sneak in, but in fact to check who's the last person in line and make sure that you stand behind them.
不要找个空隙就挤进去，而是要找到队伍的末尾然后排队。
If you're not sure who's the last person in line because it's a bit of a confusing situation, you can ask: 'Who's last?' Okay? And stand behind that person.
当情况混乱时，如果你不确定谁是队伍的最后一个，你可以问：‘谁是最后一个？’然后站在他后边。
That is part of the etiquette that is expected of you.
这是礼节的一部分，是你需要做到的。
