评论
打印
Hey everybody, Squeaks and I were just out for a walk.
嗨，大家好。我和吱吱刚刚出去散步了。
And Squeaks on a bunch of Lucky pennies for his Lucky Penny collection, he's pretty excited.
吱吱为它的“幸运硬币收藏”又找了一堆藏品，很激动。
Oh yeah, Squeaks, some of the pennies are new and shiny, but some of them are kind of grimy and dull.
嗯，吱吱，有些硬币又新又亮，但有些又脏又暗。
I wonder if there's a way that we can clean them up before we add them to your collection.
在收藏它们之前，我想知道有没有办法把它们清洁一下。
I think this calls for an experiment.
我觉得这需要一个实验。
Okay, we've gathered a few things that I think might help us clean our pennies.
我们收集了几种我认为可以帮助我们清洁硬币的东西。
If you want to do the experiment with us, here's what you'll need.
如果你也想和我们一起做实验，你需要这些东西。
First, you'll need to grab a grown-up and find five dull penny.
首先，你需要大人帮忙，找到5个暗淡的硬币。
Then you'll need a little bit of dish soap, some brown Cola, vinegar, a teaspoon of salts, lemon juice and ketchup.
然后你需要一点儿洗洁精、一些可乐、醋、一茶匙盐、柠檬汁和番茄酱。
Finally, you'll need five cups to fill with our different cleaners.
最后，你需要5个杯子来装不同的清洁剂。
So one cup with dish soap and a little water,
一个杯子里装洗洁精和少量水，
filled the next cup with some brown Cola, next combine the vinegar and salt into another cup,
下一个杯子里装可乐，再下一个杯子装醋和盐，
and put some lemon juice in the next one and finally squirt a little bit of ketchup in the last one.
将柠檬汁装在另一个杯子里，往最后一个杯子里喷点儿番茄酱。
Okay, we're all set up here.
好了，准备工作完成了。
But before we put any of the pennies in the cups, what do you think is going to happen?
在我们把硬币放入杯子之前，猜猜将会发生什么呢？
Aah, Squeak says that he thinks the soap and water will work the best, since we use soap to clean lots of things.
啊，吱吱说它认为洗洁精水最有效，因为我们经常用它清洗东西。
Cola stains things if you spill it, so I'm not sure it will clean these pennies very well.
如果可乐洒了，会把东西弄脏，所以我不确定它能否清洁硬币。
And ketchup, I don't think that one will work at all.
至于番茄酱，我认为它不起作用。
I think the vinegar and salt will work the best, because some cleaning solutions are made with vinegar.
我认为醋和盐的效果最好，因为一些清洁溶液是用醋做的。
Okay, now we're ready to put the pennies in,
好了，现在我们准备把硬币放进去，
we'll let them sit for five minutes or until you start to see some of the pennies getting shiny.
我们让它们待五分钟，或者你看到一些硬币变得闪闪发光为止。
I think they're ready. Let's rinse them off and take a look.
我觉得好了。我们把它们冲洗干净看看吧！
Hmm, the penny that was in the soap and water doesn't look any different to me,
嗯，我看洗洁精水里的硬币没变化，
it was a good guess though, Squeaks.
不过，吱吱，你猜得很好了。
Let's look at the penny that was in the Cola. Wow, it's a lot shinier than I thought it'd be.
让我们看看可乐里的硬币吧。哇！它比我想的亮多了。
And it's a lot cleaner than the soap and water penny.
而且它比洗洁精水里的硬币干净了好多。
Whoo, the penny from the lemon juice is even more shiny.
哇哦，柠檬汁里的硬币更闪亮。
And the penny from the vinegar of salt is the shiniest of all.
醋和盐里的硬币最闪亮了。
And the penny from the ketchup. Oh, it's even shiny too. That's awesome!
至于番茄酱中的硬币。噢，它也很有光泽。这真了不起！
Now, we have a result. But why do some of our pennies get really clean and some of them didn't?
现在，我们有结果了。但为什么有些硬币变干净了，有些却没有呢？
Well, pennies are made of a metal called copper.
硬币都是由一种叫做铜的金属制成的。
Over time, the copper combines with oxygen in the air to make that dark coating on the outside.
随着时间的推移，铜与空气中的氧结合，使得硬币的表面变暗。
That dark stuff is called copper oxide and it isn't shiny like copper is, which is why the penny looks less shiny.
这种暗淡的物质叫做氧化铜，它不像铜那样闪闪发光，导致硬币变暗。
But under that dull layer of copper oxide, there's still shiny copper.
但暗淡的氧化铜下面仍是闪亮的铜。
To make the penny shiny again, we need to use things that can dissolve or get rid of the copper oxide.
为了使硬币再次闪闪发光，我们需要用东西溶解或去除氧化铜。
So how do you dissolve that dark coating?
那么我们该如何溶解氧化铜呢？
Well, you can use something called an acid.
你可以用一种叫做酸的物质。
Acids are great at dissolving lots of things including copper oxides.
酸能很好地溶解许多物质，包括氧化铜。
And one thing that all the clean pennies have in common is that they were in stuff that was really acidic or have lots of acid.
所有清洁硬币的材料有一个共同点，那就是它们的物质是酸性的或者含很多酸。
You can tell that a food is acidic, because it tastes really sour.
你可以分辨食物是酸性的，是因为它尝起来很酸。
Lemons are acidic and they're super sour.
柠檬是酸性的，而且非常酸。
That explains why the lemon juice clean the penny so well.
这就解释了为什么柠檬汁能很好地清洗硬币。
Vinegar is an acid too, which is why it tastes kind of sour and eventually it would have cleaned the penny off all on its own.
醋也是一种酸，这就是为什么它尝起来有点儿酸，并最终能自己清洁掉所有的硬币。
But when you add salt to vinegar, it turns into an even stronger acid that cleans the penny really fast.
但当你把盐加到醋里时，它就变成了一种更强的酸，可以快速清洗硬币。
The ketchup works because it has salt and vinegar in it, it's also made from tomatoes which are really acidic, too.
番茄酱起作用是因为它含盐和醋，而且原料西红柿也很酸。
So that's why it cleans the penny so well.
这就是它能很好地清洁硬币的原因。
Cola has lots of acidic ingredients added to it,
可乐也有很多酸性成分，
which is why it cleaned the penny and it's also why you should brush your teeth after drinking it.
这就是它能清洁硬币和你在喝完它后需要刷牙的原因。
Because acid can hurt your teeth and cause cavities.
因为酸会损害你的牙齿并导致蛀牙。
Water and dish soap aren't very acidic at all, so the dark coating of copper oxide didn't dissolve and the penny stayed dull.
洗洁精水并不非常酸，所以氧化铜这种灰暗物质没被溶解，硬币仍是暗淡的。
You can try this experiment at home with lots of different things.
你可以在家里尝试用很多不同的材料做这个实验。
Try soaking the penny in different kinds of juices or even coffee or tea.
试着把硬币浸到不同的果汁甚至是咖啡和茶里。
There are so many possibilities and the best part is that you'll have lots of cool shiny pennies when you're done.
会有很多的可能性。最好的部分是，当你做完后会得到很多亮闪闪的硬币。
Squeaks, what do you say we clean up the rest of our pennies for a collection.
吱吱，你说我们把剩下的硬币清洁了做收藏是吧。
Thanks for joining us for today's experiment.
感谢您加入到今天的实验。
And thanks to Google making science for helping us make this episode.
同时感谢“Google making science”对本期的大力支持。
Do you have any questions about today's experiment?
你对今天的实验有什么疑问吗？
Let us know, leave a comment down below or send us an email to kids@scishow com.
在下方留言或发邮件至kids@scishow com告诉我们哦。
Thanks for joining us and we'll see you next time. Here at the fort.
感谢您的收看，我们下期见。沃斯堡等你哦！
