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Hello, I'm Oli, welcome to Oxford Online English!In this lesson, you can learn about how to talk about your home in English.
大家好，我是奥利，欢迎来到牛津在线英语！在这节课上，你能学到如何用英语谈论你的家。
Where do you live?What's your home like?What about your neighbourhood?
你住在哪里？你家长什么样子？你家周边环境怎么样？
Talking about where you live is a common conversation topic in English.So it's good to have some things to say.
谈论住的地方在英语中是一个常见的话题。所以有点东西可说总是好的。
Okay, part one: introducing where you live and talking about types of home.
好了，第一部分：介绍你住在哪里并谈论家的类型。
Let's start with a simple sentence."I live in a..." what could you put there?
我们从一个简单的句子开始吧。“我住在......”在空白处可以填什么呢？
You could say, "I live in a house", "I live in an apartment."
你可以说：“我住在一栋房子里”，“我住在一间公寓里”。
In Britain, people sometimes say "flat.""Flat" and "apartment" have the same meaning.
在英国，人们有时候会用 "flat" 这个词表示公寓。"flat" 和 "apartment" 是一个意思。
Next, let's add a bit more detail.What kind of house or apartment is it?
接下来我们再增加一点细节。那是什么类型的房子或公寓？
For example, "I live in a small, two-storey house in the suburbs."
举个例子，“我住在郊区的一栋两层的小房子里。”
When we say how many floors a building has, we usually use the word "storey", so you can say "a two-storey house", "a four-storey apartment building" and so on.
当我们描述一栋建筑有多少层时，我们通常会用 "storey" 这个词，所以你可以说“一栋两层的房子”，“一栋四层的公寓大楼”等等。
"I live in an apartment on the third floor of a four-storey building."There are many different kinds of house and apartment.
“我住的是一栋四层的楼房，我的公寓在三楼。”有很多不同类型的房子和公寓。
For example, do you live in a terraced house, a semi-detached house, or a detached house?
比如，你是住在一栋连栋房屋，一栋半独立式的房子，还是一栋独立式的房子里？
Terraced houses have other houses on both sides, a semi-detached house has another house just on one side, and a detached house stands by itself.
连栋房屋的两侧都挨着其他的房子，半独立式的房子只有一侧挨着别的房子，而独立式的房子是完全独立的。
Detached houses are usually larger and more expensive.Terraced houses are usually smaller and cheaper.
独立式房屋通常更大，也更贵。连栋房屋通常比较小，比较便宜。
What kinds of houses are more common in your country?What about apartments?
哪种房子在你的国家更常见呢？公寓呢？
Many apartments are in apartment buildings.Easy enough, right?
很多公寓都在公寓大楼里。很简单，对吧？
If you live in a very tall apartment building with many floors, you can say you live in a "high-rise" in American English or a "tower block" in British English.
如果你住在一栋很高，有很多层的公寓大楼里，用美式英语你可以说你住在一栋 "high-rise" （高楼）里，或者用英式英语可以说 "tower block" （高层建筑）。
Sometimes a house is divided into apartments, these are called "converted apartments".
有时候一栋房子被分成了好几间公寓，这些就被叫做“改装公寓”。
Apartments come in many different sizes, if an apartment just has one room which is a bedroom and living room together, it's called a "studio".
公寓有很多不同的大小，如果一间公寓只有一个房间，也就是卧室和客厅合并在一起，它就被称为“单身公寓”。
Of course, you can also have bigger apartments, a two-bedroom apartment, a three-bedroom apartment and so on.
当然了，也有更大的公寓，两室的公寓，三室的公寓等等。
Large apartments might be "duplex apartments", this means the apartment has more than one floor.
面积大的公寓可能是“复式公寓”，也就是不止一层的公寓。
What about you?Where do you live?Do you live in a house or an apartment?
你呢？你住在哪里？你住在房子里还是公寓里？
Could you make a sentence using the vocabulary from this section?For example, "I live in a two-storey terraced house."
你能用这部分的单词造个句子出来吗？比如：“我住在一栋两层的连栋房屋里。”
"I live in an apartment on the 28th floor of a high-rise building.""I live in a converted studio apartment."
“我住在一栋高楼第28层的一间公寓里。”“我住在一间改装的单身公寓里。”
Next, let's see how you can describe the inside of your home in more detail.
接下来，我们来看看如何更详细地描述你家的内部。
If you want to describe your home, what can you talk about?Well, you could start by saying what rooms it has.
如果你想描述你的家，你能讲些什么呢？你可以从介绍里面的房间开始。
For example, "My house has two bedrooms, a kitchen, a living room, and a garden."
举个例子，“我家有两间卧室，一个厨房，一个客厅和一个花园。”
It's always better to add adjectives or details to make your speaking more interesting.
最好加些形容词或细节使你所讲的内容更有趣。
Let's try: "My house has two small bedrooms, a kitchen with a dining table, a living room with big windows, and a small garden."
我们来试试：“我家有两间小卧室，一个带餐桌的厨房，一个有着大窗户的客厅，和一个小花园。”
What other rooms might you have in your home?You could have a dining room for people to eat together.
你家里还可能有什么别的房间呢？你可能有个餐厅，供大家聚在一起用餐。
Maybe you have an office or a study where you can work.
也许你有个用来工作的办公室或书房。
If you live in a warmer country, you might have a balcony or a terrace where you can sit outside in warmer weather.
如果你居住在一个较为温暖的国家，你可能有个阳台或露台，天气暖和时可以坐在外面。
What about your home?What does it have?Does your home have a garden, a balcony, or another outdoor area?
你家呢？你家里有什么？你家有花园、阳台或另外的室外区域吗？
Try to make a sentence describing your home.For example, "I live in a two-bedroom apartment.
试着造个句描述一下你的家。举个例子，“我住在一间两室的公寓里。
The bedrooms are quite small, but there's a big living room with a dining area, a modern kitchen, and also a small balcony where we can sit outside in the summer."
卧室都相当小，但是有一个带用餐区域的大客厅，一个现代的厨房，还有一个小阳台，我们夏天可以坐在那儿。”
What can you say about your home?Okay, next, saying what you like or dislike.
你对你家有什么可说的？好了，下一部分：描述你喜欢或不喜欢的地方。
So now you can hopefully describe your home a little bit, but what about your opinion?
现在你会稍微描述一下你的家了，但是你的看法呢？
What do you like about your home, and what would you change if you could?
你喜欢你家哪一点，以及如果可以的话，你会改变家里的什么？
Positive words you could use to describe your home include "spacious", meaning large with lots of room;
可以用来描述你家的褒义词包括："spacious"，意思是房子很大，有很多空间；
"cosy" which means comfortable in a warm, welcoming way; "light" describes a home which gets lot of natural light.
"cosy"，意思是很温馨舒适；"light"，用来描述自然光线充足的房子。
You can say your home is "warm" or "cool", meaning that it's comfortable in winter or in summer.
你可以说你的家很 "warm" 或 "cool"，也就是在冬天或夏天的时候很舒服。
Finally, you can describe your home as "convenient", meaning it's close to your job, it's close to the shops, it's close to your children's school and so on.
最后，你可以用 "convenient" 来描述你的家，意思是它离你工作的地方很近，离商店很近，离你孩子的学校很近等等。
You can use "convenient" plus "for".For example, "it's convenient for the subway," or "it's convenient for my office."
可以在 "convenient" 后面加上介词 "for"。比如，“坐地铁很方便”或者“去我办公室很方便”。
Could you use any of these words to describe your home?Okay, but what if you don't like your home?
你能用这些词来描述你的家吗？但是如果你不喜欢你的家该怎么说？
Well, here are some words you could use: "cramped" means your home is too small, so you don't have enough space.
你可以用下面这些词："cramped"，意思是你家太小了，没有足够的空间。
"Dark" means your home doesn't get enough light, so that even when it's sunny outside, it's still dark inside.
"dark"，意思是你家光线不足，也就是说即使外面阳光明媚，你家里面还是昏暗的。
"Drafty" means cold air comes inside through the windows or through the doors in the winter.
"drafty"，意思是冬天的时候冷空气会从窗户或门那儿漏进来。
"Stuffy" means there's not enough air so it's very uncomfortable in hot weather.You could say your home is "noisy".
"stuffy"，意思是通风不好，所以天气热的时候非常不舒服。你可以说你家很 "noisy"。
For example, if you live near a main road, your home might be noisy even at night.
举个例子，如果你住在主干道附近，你家可能甚至晚上的时候都很吵。
Can you make a sentence about your home using some of these words?
你能用这些词造个句子来描述你的家吗？
For example, "My home is light and spacious, but it can get very drafty in the winter."
举个例子，“我家采光很好，空间也很大，但是冬天的时候会漏风。”
"I like my apartment because it's cosy, although it can be noisy because there's a restaurant just downstairs."
“我喜欢我的公寓，因为它很温馨，不过也会很吵，因为楼下就是间餐馆。”
Okay, so now you can talk about your home and what you think of it, what else can you say on this topic?
好了，现在你会谈论你的家以及你对它的看法了，关于这个话题你还能说些什么呢？
Let's look, part four: saying who you live with.Who do you live with?
我们来看看，第四部分：讲讲和你住在一起的人。你和谁住在一起？
Do you live with your parents, your husband or wife, with your family?
你和父母住在一起，和丈夫或妻子住在一起，还是和你的家人住在一起？
Do you live by yourself or do you live with flatmates (people who you share a rented flat with) ?
你自己一个人住，还是和室友（跟你合租公寓的人）住在一起？
Maybe you live with friends.Let's look at examples of what you could say here.
也许你和朋友住在一起。你在这部分能说些什么呢？我们来看几个例子。
"I live with my parents.""I live in a shared house; I have four flatmates."
“我和我父母住在一起。”“我住在一个合租房里，我有四个室友。”
"I live by myself."What about you?Okay, that was easy.Let's look at one more topic you can talk about.
“我自己一个人住。”你呢？刚才的很简单。我们再来看一个你能谈论的话题。
Part five: talking about your neighbourhood.First, be careful with the word "neighbourhood".
第五部分：谈论你家的周边环境。首先，要注意 "neighbourhood" 这个单词。
A neighbourhood is not a person; it's the area near your home.So where is your home?
它并不是一个人，而是你家附近的区域。你家在哪里？
Is it in the city centre, the suburbs, or outside the city?
是在市中心、郊区还是市外？
If you live outside the city, do you live on the outskirts of the city, in a village, or in the middle of nowhere?
如果你住在市外，你是住在市郊、村庄里还是在荒无人烟的地方？
How could you describe your neighbourhood?Is it quiet or lively?
你能如何描述你家的周边环境呢？是很安静还是很热闹？
Trendy or boring?Are there many shops, cafes, bars, restaurants?Are there parks or sports facilities?
时髦还是无聊？商店、咖啡厅、酒吧和餐厅多吗？有公园或体育设施吗？
For example, you could say, "I live in a very lively area just south of the city center.
举个例子，你可以说：“我住在一片很热闹的区域，就在市中心南边。
There are many cafes, shops, and places to go."Or, "I live in a quiet area in the suburbs, in the north of the city.
有很多咖啡厅、商店和可去的地方。”或者“我住在郊区一个很安静的区域，在城市的北面。
It's a nice area and it's quiet, but it's a bit boring.There isn't really anything to do."What about you?
那个区很不错，也很安静，但是有点无聊。没什么事情可做。”你呢？
Can you say something about your neighborhood?Okay, finally let's put everything together.
你能介绍介绍你家的周边环境吗？好了，最后我们把所有内容汇总一下。
If you can use everything we've looked at in this lesson, you should be able to speak very clearly and with lots of details about your home and where you live.
如果你可以把我们这节课讲过的所有内容都用上，那应该就能清楚并详细地介绍你家和你住的地方了。
For example, "I live in a two-storey terraced house.It has two bedrooms, a living room, a small kitchen, and a garden.
举个例子，“我住在一栋两层的连栋房屋里。我家有两间卧室，一个客厅，一个小厨房和一个花园。
It's cosy and convenient for getting to work, but it's a bit cramped, especially when we have guests.
这个房子非常温馨，而且上班很方便，但是屋里有点挤，尤其是来了客人的时候。
I live with my wife and daughter.Our house is near the city centre in a quiet neighborhood.
我跟我的妻子和女儿住在一起。我们的房子就在市中心附近，周边很安静。
There isn't much to do, but there are some small shops and a park where we go if the weather's nice."
可做的事情不多，但是有一些小店和一个公园，我们天气不错的时候会去那儿。”
Here's one more sample answer: "I live by myself in a studio apartment.It just has one main room with a tiny kitchen.
还有一个回答范例：“我自己一个人住在一间单身公寓里。只有一间主卧带一个超小的厨房。
It's very warm in winter, but it can get a bit stuffy in summer.I live in the city centre, very close to everything.
冬天的时候屋里很暖和，但是夏天会有点闷热。我住在市中心，离所有地方都很近。
It's very lively, with lots of bars and restaurants.It's a good place for young people to live, but not many families choose to live here."
那里非常热闹，有很多酒吧和餐厅。很适合年轻人居住，但没有多少家庭会选择住在这儿。”
What about you?Can you make an answer like this talking about where you live?
你呢？你能想出像这样的回答来谈论你住的地方吗？
Try to use as much language from the lesson as you can.Okay, that's the end of the lesson, thanks very much for watching.
尽量多用些这节课学的语言。好了，这节课到此就结束了，非常感谢观看。
You can see more of our free English lessons on our website, oxfordonlineenglish. com, but that's all.
更多免费英语课程请登陆我们的网站 oxfordonlineenglish. com，但就这样了。
Thanks again, I'll see you next time.Bye-bye!
再次表示感谢，下次见。拜拜！
