评论
打印
In this American English Pronunciation video, we're going to go over why we need the IPA.
在这段美式英语发音视频中，我们将讨论为什么我们需要国际音标。
This video was created for a course on IPA
这个视频是讲解国际音标的，
that is part of the Rachel's English Academy, but I thought it was worth sharing here.
也是瑞秋英语教室课程的一部分，但我认为值得在这里分享给大家。
Rachel's English Academy is a collection of courses I've created to help you speak better English.
瑞秋英语教室收录着我开设的课程，目的为帮助你的英语说得更好。
Courses on everything you need to know about pronunciation,
课程包括你需要了解的所有关于发音，
listening comprehension, conversation courses, phrasal verbs, and so on.
听力理解，会话课程，动词短语等等。
You can join the Rachel's English Academy here for a small monthly fee.
你可以加入瑞秋英语教室，每月只需付一小笔费用。
Once you join, you're locked in to that price for life even if the price goes up.
一旦你加入，即使涨价，永远不会另外收费的。
Okay, without further ado, the lesson.
好吧，我不再赘述了，我开始上课了。
The International Phonetic Alphabet was created by the International Phonetic Association
国际音标是由国际语音学学会设计
as a standardized way to write the sounds of spoken language. Why do we need this?
来作为口语声音的标准化标示方法。为什么我们需要国际音标？
Because English is not a phonetic language
因为英语不是一门音形很一致的语言
that means there's not a 1:1 relationship between letters and sounds. For example, these words:
这意味着字母和发音之间没有1:1的关系。例如，这些词：
They look the same except for the first letter.
除了第一个字母外，看起来它们都一样。
They look like they should be pronounced the same except for the first sound.
除了第一个音标以外，看起来它们应该发音相同。
But that's not the case. 'Love' has the UH as in BUTTER vowel.
但事实并非如此。 “love”这个单词有跟BUTTER一样的元音UH。
'Cove' has the OH diphthong, and 'move' has the OO vowel.
“cove”这个单词有双元音OH，move有u元音。
Uh, oh, oo. Love, cove, move.
元音UH，双元音OH, u元音。Love，cove，move。
There are no rules to tell you which word should be pronounced which way, you just have to know.
没有规则告诉你哪个词应该怎么发音，你只要知道就可以了。
You just have to learn the pronunciation when you learn the word.
当你学习这个单词的时候你只需要学习发音。
Let's go a little further. What about this word?
那么下一步。这个词该怎么读呢？
It looks like the other three words, and its pronunciation is 'dove', just like 'love'.
它看起来像之前讲到过的三个单词，读“dove”，就像“love”那个单词一样。
Wait, no. Its pronunciation is 'dove', just like 'cove'.
等等，不，也可以读成“dove”，就像“cove”那个单词一样。
Actually, both pronunciations are right. For the noun, the bird, it's 'dove'. UH.
实际上，两种发音都是正确的。作为名词而言，可以读成“dove”，意思是鸟。有元音UH。
But for the verb, past tense of 'dive', it's pronounced 'dove'.
但作为动词而言，“dive”的过去式读成“dove”。
So again, we need IPA to write these different sounds so we can see that words are spelled the same,
同样，我们需要国际音标来写出这些不同的音标，这样我们就可以看到拼写相同的单词，
may still be pronounced differently. This is called heteronym.
可能发音也不同。这就是所谓的异义词。
One more confusing point: homophones.
更令人困惑的一点是：同音异义词。
Words that are spelled differently, but pronounced the same.
拼写不同但发音相同的单词。
For example, pear. Just one pronunciation for these two words: pear, pare.
例如pear，pear和pare这两个单词发音相同。
There are lots of homophones in American English.
美式英语中有很多同音词。
So we need the IPA to see, oh, they're spelled differently, but they're pronounced the same.
所以我们需要对照国际音标，哦，它们拼写不同，但是发音相同。
When you write a sound, in IPA, with a symbol instead of a letter, there's no confusion.
当你在国际音标中用符号而不是字母写出这个单词的音标，你就不会混淆。
You're going to see a lot of IPA in the Rachel's English Academy,
你将会在瑞秋英语教室里看到很多的国际音标，
so this course is to help you get used to these symbols, to help you start to recognize them.
所以这个课程是为了帮助你熟悉和辨别这些音标。
For information on joining the Rachel's English Academy, click here.
有关加入瑞秋英语教室的信息，请点击这里。
That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
就这样了，非常感谢你使用瑞秋英语。
