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Alright, are you ready to head over to Sam’s observatory?
你准备好去山姆的天文台了吗？
Oh, hey there!
哦，你好！
Squeaks and I are going to visit Sam the Bat.
吱吱和我要去拜访蝙蝠山姆。
Sam’s super excited to show us some new photos that have been taken by the James Webb Space Telescope, a new telescope that people launched into space.
山姆非常兴奋地向我们展示了一些由詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜拍摄的新照片，这是一台人类发射到太空的新望远镜。
The new telescope can see much further than Sam’s telescope, Squeaks.
这台新的望远镜比山姆的望远镜看得更远。
The James Webb Space Telescope can do lots of incredible new things, including see further away than people have ever seen before.
詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜可以做很多不可思议的新事情，包括看到比人们以前看到的更远的地方。
This new telescope doesn’t exactly have special space powers, Squeaks.
这个新的望远镜并没有特别的太空力量，吱吱。
The James Webb Space Telescope can see further away because engineers created it using a new design.
詹姆斯·韦伯太空望远镜可以看到更远的地方，因为工程师们使用了一种新的设计。
Well, telescopes have changed a lot over time.
随着时间的推移，望远镜发生了很大的变化。
Engineers design new telescopes to solve new problems and challenges.
工程师们设计了新的望远镜来解决新的问题和挑战。
Try thinking of it this way: Say that you wanted to look at something really far away, like the planet Jupiter.
试着这样想：假设你想看很远的东西，比如木星。
If you just used your eyes, it might look something like this.
如果你只是用你的眼睛，它可能看起来像这样。
Jupiter is huge, but because it’s super far away, it looks really small when we just look with our eyes.
木星很大，但因为它离我们很远，所以当我们用眼睛看它的时候，它看起来真的很小。
It really just looks like a bright dot!
它看起来真的像一个明亮的圆点！
However, we can use a tool that engineers designed to help us see far away to get a better look!
然而，我们可以使用工程师设计的工具来帮助我们看得更远更好！
Exactly, a telescope!
没错，一个望远镜！
The telescope we’ve used to look at stars outside works kind of like a magnifying glass.
我们用来观察外部恒星的望远镜工作起来有点像放大镜。
A magnifying glass has a part called a lens, which is a special shape of glass that makes things look bigger.
放大镜有一个部分叫做透镜，这是一种特殊形状的玻璃，使物体看起来更大。
Our little telescope is similar.
我们的小望远镜与之很相似。
It uses lenses and mirrors inside to make objects far away look bigger.
它在内部使用透镜和镜子，使远处的物体看起来更大。
Centuries ago, astronomers, or people who study stars and planets, started using simple telescopes like these to start looking more closely at stars, planets, and other objects in space.
几个世纪前，天文学家，研究恒星与行星的人，开始使用这样的简单望远镜开始更近距离地观察恒星、行星和太空中的其他物体。
Here’s what Jupiter looks like through a simple telescope design.
这是一个简单的望远镜设计看到的木星的样子。
You’re right, a simple telescope makes it a bit easier to see, but it’s still not very clear in this picture.
对，一个简单的望远镜可以使木星更容易被看到，但在这张照片中木星仍然不是很清楚。
Telescopes help us to look at things really far away, but if there’s a lot of air between the telescope and the thing we’re trying to see, it can be difficult to see.
望远镜帮助我们观察非常遥远的东西，但如果望远镜和我们试图看到的东西之间有很多空气，就很难看到遥远的物体。
It can actually be hard to see through air sometimes!
事实上，有时很难透过空气看清东西！
There’s air all around us right now.
现在我们周围到处都是空气。
You and I can still see each other, so we think of air as being see-through.
你和我仍然可以看到对方，所以我们认为空气是透明的。
But it’s not actually perfectly see-through.
但空气实际上并不是完全透明的。
It makes the light that we see jiggle around.
空气使我们看到的光在周围晃动。
That doesn’t matter most of the time, but a lot of air can make whatever we’re trying to observe through the telescope look blurry or fuzzy.
这在大多数情况下并不重要，但大量的空气会使我们试图通过望远镜观察的任何东西看起来都很模糊。
So telescope engineers have had to come up with different solutions to make it so telescopes don’t have to look through as much air.
因此，望远镜工程师不得不想出不同的解决方案来制造它，这样望远镜就不必通过那么多的空气进行观察。
How would you solve this problem, Squeaks?
你将如何解决这个问题，吱吱？
That’s a great idea!
这是个好主意！
Engineers have tried a couple of different ways to put telescopes in places with less air.
工程师们尝试了几种不同的方法，将望远镜放置在空气较少的地方。
Like putting observatories in places that are really high up, like on mountains.
比如在非常高的地方建立天文台，比如在山上。
That way, the telescope is already closer to stars and things up in space, and there’s less air for the telescope to look through.
这样，望远镜就离恒星和太空中的物体更近了，望远镜可以透过的空气也更少了。
People use these telescopes to see space really well, while still staying on Earth.
人们使用这些望远镜可以很好地观察太空，尽管仍然待在地球上。
Yeah, we put Sam’s telescope as high up as we could, so it works a bit more like this.
是的，我们把山姆的望远镜放在尽可能高的地方，所以它的工作原理更像这样。
