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Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Beth. And I’m Neil.
你好。这里是BBC英语六分钟。我是贝丝。我是尼尔。
If you really love something, maybe a sport or a hobby, a music band or a TV show, you might call yourself a ‘fan’.
如果你真的喜欢某件事，也许是一项运动或一个爱好，一个乐队或一个电视节目，你可以称自己为“粉丝”。
Nowadays, thanks to the internet, fans from around the world can meet online to share their passion, and this has led to a new word: ‘fandom’.
如今，多亏了互联网，来自世界各地的粉丝可以在网上见面分享他们的激情，这就产生了一个新词:“粉丝圈”。
Fandom is more than simply being a fan – it’s a whole culture created by a community of people to share their love of the same thing.
粉丝圈不仅仅代表成为一个粉丝——它是一群人为分享他们对同一事物的热爱所创造的一种文化。
What’s more, fandom has started to develop its own language.
更重要的是，粉丝圈已经开始发展自己的语言。
In this programme, we’ll be taking a trip into the world of fandoms, and, as usual, we’ll be learning some new and useful vocabulary too.
在这期节目中，我们将带你进入粉丝的世界，和往常一样，我们也会学习一些新的有用的词汇。
But before that, I have a question for you, Neil.
但在那之前，我有个问题要问你，尼尔。
The original word ‘fan’ was first used about Americans in the early 20thcentury.
“粉丝”这个词最初是在20世纪初用于形容美国人的。
But what were these Americans fans of?
但是这些美国人是什么的粉丝呢?
Was it: a) Hollywood movie stars? b) Baseball? or, c) Disney cartoons ?
是a)好莱坞电影明星? b)棒球?还是c)迪士尼动画片?
I’ll guess they were fans of Disney cartoons.
我猜他们是迪士尼动画片的粉丝。
OK, Neil. We’ll find out later in the programme.
好吧，尼尔。稍后我们将在节目中揭晓答案。
Michael Bond is the author of a new book, Fans.
迈克尔·邦德是一本新书《粉丝》的作者。
Here, he discusses the meaning of fandom with BBC Radio 4 programme, Word of Mouth:
下面，他在BBC广播4频道的《口碑》节目中讨论了粉丝的意义:
Kings ruled their kingdoms, fans certainly rule their fandoms.
国王统治着他们的王国，粉丝当然也统治着他们的粉丝圈。
It taps into that ancient human impulse to belong to a group of like-minded people, and of course being a fan by yourself can be a challenging thing because fannish pursuits can look quirky and odd… even obsessive, and you get often mocked and, I mean, if you're Jane Austen fan and you want to dress up in a bonnet and gown of the Regency era it's difficult to do that by yourself in public, but once you join a fandom there's no problem.
它利用的是古人类的冲动，一群志趣相投的人寻找归属，当然，自己去当一个粉丝算得上是一个具有挑战性的事情，因为狂热粉丝的追求看起来可能很古怪，反常…甚至是偏执的，你经常会被嘲笑，我的意思是，如果你是简·奥斯丁的粉丝，你想在公共场合穿着摄政时代的帽子和长袍会很难，但是一旦你加入一个粉丝圈就不成问题了。
Fans are groups of like-minded people – they share similar opinions, ideas or interests.
粉丝是一群志同道合的人——他们有相似的观点、想法或兴趣。
They do all kinds of weird and wonderful things together, such as dressing up as Harry Potter characters – behaviour which might be called quirky, an adjective meaning odd or unusual, but in an interesting way.
他们会一起做各种奇怪而美妙的事情，比如打扮成哈利波特中的人物——这种行为可以被称为“古怪”，一个形容词，意思是奇怪或不寻常，但方式很有趣。
Unfortunately, this quirky behaviour also means fans sometimes get mocked.
不幸的是，这种古怪的行为也意味着粉丝有时会被嘲笑。
To mock somebody means to insult them by laughing at them in an unkind way.
嘲笑某人的意思是用不友善的方式发出笑声来侮辱他们。
But this hasn’t discouraged fans who have started using new words and phrases to show they belong to a particular fandom.
但这并没有让粉丝们气馁，他们开始使用新单词和短语来显示自己属于某个特定的粉丝圈。
Here’s Michael Bond again, explaining the meaning of two new words about the behaviour of football fans to BBC Radio 4 programme, Word of Mouth:
在BBC广播4频道的《口碑》节目中，迈克尔·邦德再次解释了与足球迷行为有关的两个新词的含义:
Academics who study fandoms, they love to use acronyms and abbreviations and they've got several phrases which they used to describe the behaviour of football fans… BIRGing so that means ‘Basking In Reflected Glory.
研究粉丝圈的学者们喜欢使用首字母缩略词，他们有几个短语用来描述足球迷的行为……BIRGing的意思是“沐浴在荣耀中”。
When your team wins everyone wants a bit of the action, you take to the streets, dance around… and so the antithesis of that is CORFing which means ‘Cutting Off Reflected Failure’ and that is what people sometimes do when their team loses and they don't want to be associated with that loss, that sense of failure.
当你喜欢的球队赢了，每个人都想参与进来，你就可以走上街头，到处跳舞，与之相对的是CORFing，意思是“切断失败感”，这是人们在球队输了的时候所做的事情，他们不想和亏损、失败感联系在一起。
BIRGing is made of an acronym of the words, Basking In Reflected Glory.
“沐浴在荣耀中”是单词的首字母缩略词。
It means feeling good about yourself when the football team you support wins.
这意味着当你支持的足球队获胜时，你会感觉良好。
Fans say, “WE won！”, even though it was the players on the pitch, not the fans, who scored the goal.
粉丝们说:“我们赢了！ ”，尽管进球的是场上的球员，而不是球迷。
When their team wins, fans cheer and want a piece of the action, an idiom meaning that they take part in celebrations and other exciting group activities, and feel the success of the team as a personal success.
当他们的球队获胜时，球迷们欢呼雀跃，想要分一杯羹，这个成语的意思是他们参加庆祝活动和其他令人兴奋的团体活动，并将球队的成功视为个人的成功。
The opposite of BIRGing is CORFing, another acronym, this time of the words, Cutting off Reflected Failure.
BIRGing的反义词是CORFing，这是另一个首字母缩略词，意思是中止失败反射。
CORFing involves distancing yourself from the team you support when they lose.
CORFing指的是当你支持的球队输球时远离他们。
Instead of saying, “WE won！ ”, you said, “THEY played rubbish！”Of course, true fans never CORF.
不说:“我们赢了！”， 而是说，“他们踢的好垃圾！” 当然，真正的粉丝永远不会退缩。
In fact, some football fans take a kind of strange pessimistic pleasure when their team loses week after week.
事实上，当他们的球队一周接一周地输球时，一些球迷会有一种奇怪的悲观快乐。
I can’t imagine that’s true of the Americans you mentioned, Beth.
我无法想象你提到的美国人是这样的，贝丝。
So what was the correct answer to your question?
那么你问题的正确答案是什么?
I asked who the original word ‘fan’ was used to describe.
我问“粉丝”这个词最初是用来形容谁的。
You sad it was fans of Disney cartoons which was… the wrong answer, I’m afraid.
你说那是迪士尼卡通的粉丝，恐怕你回答错了。
Actually, it was baseball fans, or ‘fanatics’ as they were called at the time.
实际上，是棒球迷，或者当时被称为“狂热分子”。
OK, let’s recap the vocabulary we’ve learned, starting with like-minded, an adjective describing people who share similar opinions, ideas or interests.
好的，让我们回顾一下我们学过的词汇，从“志同道合”开始，这个形容词描述的是有着相似观点、想法或兴趣的人。
Quirky means odd or unusual, but in an attractive or interesting way.
古怪的意思是奇怪的或不寻常的，但以一种吸引力人的或有趣的方式。
If you mock someone, you insult and laugh at them in an unkind way.
如果你嘲笑某人，你用一种不友好的方式侮辱和取笑他们。
BIRGing is short for Basking in Reflected Glory.
BIRGing是“沐浴在荣耀中”的缩写。
It means feeling good about yourself when the team you support wins.
这意味着当你支持的球队获胜时，你会感觉良好。
The opposite of this is CORFing, an acronym of Cutting off Reflected Failure, which means distancing yourself from your favourite team when they lose.
与此相反的是CORFing，即cut off reflect Failure的缩写，意思是当你最喜欢的球队输球时，你要远离他们。
And finally, if you want a piece or a slice of the action, you want to take part in a celebration or other exciting group activity to include yourself in a collective success.
最后，如果你想要分一杯羹，你想参加庆祝活动或其他令人兴奋的团体活动，让自己成为集体成功的一部分。
Once again, our six minutes are up.
六分钟又到了。
Join us again next time for more trending topics and useful vocabulary here at 6 Minute English.
下次再加入我们，在六分钟英语中获得更多流行话题和有用的词汇。
Bye for now！ Bye！
再见了！ 拜拜！
