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Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I’m Neil. And I’m Phil.
你好。这里是BBC英语六分钟。我是尼尔。我是菲尔。
Ugh! What’s that awful noise, Phil?!
啊！那是什么声音，菲尔?
Oh sorry, Neil, I was, er… biting my nails.
哦，抱歉，尼尔，我刚才在咬指甲。
I know, it’s a bad habit.
我知道，这是个坏习惯。
Urgh! It sounds terrible! Sorry, Neil.
呃！！听起来很可怕！对不起，尼尔。
Actually, it’s not only you who finds certain sounds irritating, unpleasant, or even unbearable.
事实上，不只是你觉得某些声音令人恼火、不愉快，甚至难以忍受。
Whether it’s someone biting their nails, rustling a crisp bag, or scraping a knife on a dinner plate, some everyday sounds have the power to make us angry or upset.
无论是有人咬指甲，脆袋的沙沙声，还是在餐盘上刮刀的声音，一些日常的声音都有让我们生气或沮丧的力量。
There's even a name for it: 'misophonia', also known as ‘sound rage’, and it’s more common than you might think.
它甚至有一个名字:“恐音症”，也被称为“声音愤怒”，它比你想象的要常见得多。
According to some estimates, one person in five is affected emotionally by the coughing, slurping, sneezing and snorting sounds made by the people around them.
据估计，五分之一的人会受到周围人发出的咳嗽、吸吮声、打喷嚏和鼻息声的影响。
In this programme, we’ll be finding out more about the medical condition misophonia, and, as usual, we’ll be learning some useful new vocabulary as well.
在本期节目中，我们将了解更多关于恐音症的医学知识，而且和往常一样，我们也会学习一些有用的新词汇。
But first, I have a question for you, Phil.
但首先，我有个问题要问你，菲尔。
According to a recent survey by the American journal, Medical News, which of the following did their readers find the most unpleasant sound?
根据美国《医学新闻》杂志最近的一项调查，以下哪一种声音是他们的读者最不喜欢的?
Is it: a) bicycle brakes squeaking? b) nails scraping a blackboard? or, c) a baby crying?
是a)自行车刹车的吱吱声? b)钉子刮黑板的声音? 还是c)婴儿的哭声?
Hmm, I’ll guess it was squeaky bicycle brakes.
嗯，我猜是自行车刹车发出的吱吱声。
I really hate that!
我真的很讨厌！
OK. Phil, we'll find out the answer later in the programme.
好的。菲尔，我们稍后在节目中会揭晓答案。
For people suffering from misophonia, the specific sounds which cause them to become emotionally upset, also known as triggers, often involve food and eating.
对于患有恐音症的人来说，引起他们情绪不安的特定声音，也被称为触发器，通常与食物和进食有关。
Just sitting down for dinner with their family can feel like torture.
和他们的家人坐下来共进晚餐就像是一种折磨。
Olana Tansley-Hancock is a British clinical researcher who also suffers from misophonia.
奥拉纳·坦斯利-汉考克是一名英国临床研究人员，她也患有恐音症。
Here she explains some of her triggers to BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain:
以下是她在BBC全球服务节目《食物链》中解释的一些诱因:
Just any kind of inescapable, repetitive noise will potentially cause a misophonic type response in me, that fight-or-flight and…
任何一种不可避免的、重复的噪音都可能在我体内引起恐音型反应，即战斗或逃避和……
And yeah, it's that immediate, uncontrollable reaction that you get to the sound that is the most hard to explain and unusual I think, cos’ in modern day you don't really get many instances where you get a fight-or-flight response - it's not like we're frequently chased down by wild animals - and then to feel those from pretty innocuous everyday sounds is the thing that takes its toll.
是的，你对声音的那种即时的、无法控制的反应是最难解释的，我认为这是不寻常的，因为在现代，你很少有机会出现战斗或逃避的反应——这和我们经常被野生动物追赶不一样——从非常无害的日常声音中感受到伤害。
Certain sounds trigger a fight-or-flight response in Olana.
在奥拉纳身上，某些声音会引发战斗或逃跑反应。
Fight-or-flight refers to the way the human body responds to stressful or dangerous situations, either by physically running away, or staying to deal with the threat.
战斗或逃避指的是人体对压力或危险情况的反应方式，要么是身体上的逃跑，要么是留下来应对威胁。
Normally, these would be life-threatening dangers, things like a fire or an attacking wild animal, but for misophonia sufferers even innocuous, or completely harmless, sounds create problems.
通常情况下，这些声音都是危及生命的危险，比如火灾或野生动物的袭击，但对于恐音症患者来说，即使是无伤大雅的或完全无害的声音也会造成问题。
That’s right.
说得很对。
Olana, for example, gets disturbed by helicopters flying in the sky, and the fact that other people don’t seem too bothered also takes its toll, a phrase meaning causes suffering or pain.
例如，奥拉纳会被空中飞行的直升机打扰，而事实是这对其他人似乎并不会造成影响，却会让她难受，一个短语，意思是引起痛苦或苦恼。
So what does it feel like to actually experience this kind of stress in everyday life?
那么在日常生活中真正经历这种压力是什么感觉呢?
Here’s Olana again, explaining her feelings to Ruth Alexander, presenter of BBC World Service programme, The Food Chain:
奥拉娜再次向BBC全球服务节目《食物链》的主持人露丝·亚历山大解释了她的感受:
It's not the same feeling, but it's the same response in terms of the immediacy and inability to control it as when someone tells you that someone close to us has passed away… that feeling of utter, sudden reaction.
这不是同一种感觉，但就即时性和无法控制而言，这是同一种反应，就像有人告诉你，我们亲近的人去世了……那种彻底的、突然的反应。
You can't control it, and then it lingers and carries on for you, that immediate emotional response.
你无法控制它，然后它就在你身上徘徊，持续着，那种即时的情绪反应。
Almost like a shock to the system. Yeah.
几乎是一次巨大冲击。是的。
Olana describes her misophonia as an uncontrollable and sudden emotional reaction, as if finding out that a loved one has passed away.
奥拉纳将她的恐音症描述为一种无法控制的突然情绪反应，就好像发现一个所爱的人已经去世了。
Passed away is a polite, euphemistic way of saying ‘died’.
去世是“死亡”的礼貌委婉说法。
She also describes it as a shock to the system - a sudden and unpleasant change.
她还将其描述为巨大的冲击——一种突然而令人不快的变化。
Fortunately, misophonia sufferers have developed some tricks to help.
幸运的是，恐音症患者已经想出了一些方法来帮助他们。
Playing background music can disguise the sound of people sipping and slurping their food; and clearly, honestly explaining what the condition is also helps people sympathise and understand.
播放背景音乐可以掩盖人们啜饮食物的声音；很明显，诚实地解释病情也有助于人们同情和理解。
But, of course, some sounds simply are disturbing – for example you biting your nails, Phil!
但是，当然，有些声音就是令人不安——比如你咬指甲的声音，菲尔！
Okay, okay, I said I was sorry...
好吧，好吧，我说过对不起了…
Maybe it’s time to reveal the answer to your question, Neil , before you get more upset!
也许是时候揭晓你问题的答案了，尼尔，在你变得更沮丧之前！
You asked me which sound was voted the most irritating for readers of the journal, Medical News.
你问我哪种声音被认为是《医学新闻》杂志读者最讨厌的。
Right. And you guessed it was bicycle brakes squeaking, which was… the wrong answer, I’m afraid, Phil.
是的。你猜是自行车刹车的声音，恐怕你答错了，菲尔。
In fact, nails scraping a blackboard was voted the most distressing noise.
事实上，指甲刮黑板的声音被评为最令人苦恼的声音。
Right, let's recap the vocabulary we've learned from this programme on misophonia, starting with trigger, something that causes people to feel emotional distress or fear.
好的，让我们回顾一下本期节目中关于恐音症的词汇，从诱因开始，它会让人们感到情绪困扰或恐惧。
Fight-or-flight refers to the natural human response to a threatening situation of either running away, or staying to face the danger.
“战或逃”指的是人类在面临威胁时的自然反应，要么逃跑，要么留下来面对危险。
The adjective innocuous means completely harmless.
形容词无伤大雅的意思是完全无害的。
If something takes its toll, it causes suffering, damage, or death.
如果某事产生不良影响，它会导致痛苦、破坏或死亡。
Passed away is a polite way of saying died.
去世是死亡的一种礼貌说法。
And finally, the phrase a shock to the system means a sudden and unpleasant change.
最后，短语巨大的冲击意思是突然的、令人不快的变化。
Once again, our six minutes are up!
我们的六分钟时间又到了！
Join us again next time for more trending topics and useful vocabulary, here at 6 Minute English.
欢迎下次收听我们的节目，了解更多热门话题和有用词汇。
Goodbye for now! Bye!
再见了！拜拜！
