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第二部分 阅读理解(共两节, 满分40分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分, 满分30分)
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
If the word researcher brings to mind someone who works in a laboratory doing experiments or reads a11 day in a library, then meet Dr. Sylvia Earle. Dr. Earle has carried out much of her research deep under the sea. Her outstanding work at sea has included leading around 70 expeditions(探险)and spending over 6, 500 hours under the water. She also holds the world record for the deepest walk alone on the ocean floor at a depth of 381 metres. It’s no wonder she has been given the nickname”Her Deepness”.
As a child, Dr. Earle was always interested in wildlife and was never afraid to find out about nature. Her parents told her to touch animals and insects, and not to be afraid of them. When she was older, she was given the opportunity to develop this interest thanks to scho1arships to study botany at university. She also took courses in sea diving and decided to devote herself to marine(海洋的)biology. It was this decision and her determined character that led her to have a truly remarkable career.
After several years of diving, Dr. Earle took part in a research expedition in an underwater laboratory. The laboratory was called a Tektite Habitat and it allowed divers to remain under the water to carry out research for weeks at a time. In 1970 an all-female group went on the sixth expedition of the Tektite II scientists—in—the—water programme. Dr. Earle was asked to lead the expedition. Along with another four women—three scientists and an engineer—she stayed in the Tektite Habitat for two weeks.
Marine life has always been at the centre of Dr. Earle’s work and she is highly respected for her authority in this field. She is often asked to give talks by environmental groups about marine life as well as her plan to create a global network of marine protected areas. What makes her extra special is that she doesn’t look upon her work as a job, but as her vocation(天职)in life.
21. In what way is Dr. Earle different from most researchers we know about?
A. She works in a laboratory doing experiments all day.
B. She reads all day in a library.
C. She carries out much of her research deep under the sea.
D. She has broken lots of world records.
22. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 2?
A. Dr. Earle’s interest in wildlife led her to a truly remarkable career.
B. Dr. Earle’s success is chiefly due to her family background.
C. Dr. Earle’s success is chiefly due to the scholarships to study botany at university.
D. Various factors have contributed to Dr. Earle’s success.
23. Which of the following is true according to Paragraph 3?
A. Five women took part in the expedition.
B. Five scientists took part in the expedition.
C. Dr. Earle was an ordinary member of the group.
D. The group stayed under water for three weeks.
24. What does Dr. Earle hope to achieve in the future?
A. To keep marine life at the centre of her work.
B. To create protected areas in the oceans around the world.
C. To travel around the world giving talks.
D. To look upon her work as her vocation in life.
B
A paperclip, made of steel wire bent into a looped(环形的)shape, is an instrument used to hold sheets of paper together. This common device is a wonder of simplicity and function. But where did this simple, cheap, and practical invention come from?
In the late 19th century, the most common way to hold papers together was by using a pin. Although the pin was an inexpensive tool and was easily removable, it would 1eave holes in the paper. Later, as steel wire became more common, inventors began to notice its elastic(有弹性的)feature. With this feature, it could be stretched and twisted into various clip—like objects. In the years just before 1900, quite a few paperclip designs appeared. The name most frequently associated with the paperclip invention is Johan Vaaler, a Norwegian inventor. However, Vaaler's clips were not the same as the paperclips currently in use. Specifically, they did not have the inside loop we see today. The familiar looped design was invented by Gem Manufacturing Ltd. in England. This clip is therefore sometimes known as the Gem clip.
Because of Vaaler, the paperclip played an important historical role in Norway. During World War II, Norway was occupied by the Nazis. Norwegians were prohibited from wearing any symbol of their national unity(团结), such as buttons with the initials of their king. Thus, in protest, they started wearing paperclips to show their unity. The reason for doing this was simple: Paperclips were a Norwegian invention whose original function was to bind together. After the war, a giant paperclip statue was put up in Oslo to honour Vaaler—even though his design was never actually produced.
25. According to the first paragraph, the paperclip is________.
A. made of paper B. for holding clothes together
C. shaped like a pin D. inexpensive and useful
26. One way the paperclip is better than the pin is that_________
A. it is cheaper B. it is simpler
C. it doesn’t damage the paper D. it can be removed more easily
27. Which of the following best shows what the Gem clip looks like?
28. The last paragraph is mainly about_________.
A. how widely used Vaaler’s clip is
B. how Vaaler’s clip became a national symbol
C. how the Nazis ruled the Norwegian people
D. why Norwegians had the initials of their king on their buttons
