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Consistently, Thatcher’s sceptics took the side of those, such as Nigel Lawson, Geoffrey Howe and John Major, who favoured “shadowing” the Deutschmark and then pegging the sterling-Mark exchange rate.
Having been dragged kicking and screaming into the ERM in October 1990, Thatcher denounced the Delors plan for a federal Europe with a defiant “No! No! No!” – one “no” apiece for the European parliament, government and senate he envisaged. Just weeks later, deserted by her cabinet colleagues, she was forced to resign.
1990年10月不情愿地加入欧洲汇率机制(ERM)之后，撒切尔坚决对德洛尔(Delors)的欧洲联邦计划说“不，不，不”——这三个“不”，分别是对德洛尔设想的欧洲议会、政府以及参议院说的。就在几周之后，由于被内阁同僚舍弃，撒切尔被迫辞职。
