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The world economy will grow faster than previously expected this year thanks to increased trade, investment and manufacturing, the International Monetary Fund has said.
国际货币基金组织(IMF)表示，由于贸易、投资和制造业活动增加，今年世界经济的增速将快于此前预期。
But it warned that the threat of protectionist policies and structural problems — such as low productivity and high income inequality — meant “the balance of risks remains tilted to the downside”.
但该组织警告称，保护主义政策和结构性问题（比如生产率低下和收入不平等程度偏高）的威胁意味着，“风险的平衡仍然偏向下行”。
In the World Economic Outlook, its regular assessment of global growth prospects, the IMF increased its growth forecast for this year from 3.4 per cent to 3.5 per cent, marking the first time in six years it has revised up previous expectations for short-term global growth.
在其对全球增长前景的定期评估《世界经济展望》(World Economic Outlook)中，IMF把今年的增长预测从3.4%上调至3.5%。这是6年来该组织首次上调对全球经济短期增长的预期。
That upward revision, issued ahead of its spring meetings in Washington, came primarily due to better than expected economic news from Europe, China and Japan, and a broad-based recovery in global manufacturing since the middle of 2016.
在IMF于华盛顿召开春季会议前夕上调预期，主要是由于欧洲、中国和日本都传来好于预期的经济消息，以及自2016年年中以来全球制造业广泛复苏。
But “whether the current momentum will be sustained remains a question mark,” said Maurice Obstfeld, the fund’s chief economist. “The world economy still faces headwinds.”
但“目前的势头是否会持续仍然是个问题，”IMF首席经济学家莫里斯?奥布斯特费尔德(Maurice Obstfeld)表示，“世界经济仍然面临逆风。”
Among the biggest questions now looming over the global economy, he said, was the direction of policies in the US, where the IMF expects the economy to grow by 2.3 per cent this year.
他表示，如今笼罩着全球经济的最大问题是美国的政策走向，IMF预计今年美国经济将增长2.3%。
Donald Trump’s expansionary fiscal policies risk fuelling inflation and causing the Federal Reserve to hike interest rates faster than expected. Such a move could spark a sharp appreciation in the dollar that could, in turn, hurt emerging economies.
唐纳德?特朗普(Donald Trump)扩张性的财政政策可能会刺激通胀，导致美联储(Fed)加息步伐快于预期。此类举动可能会引发美元大幅升值，进而可能冲击新兴经济体。
The IMF, Mr Obstfeld said, also remains anxious about China’s growth and its dependence on “domestic credit growth so rapid that it may cause financial stability problems down the road” that could reverberate globally.
奥布斯特费尔德称，IMF也仍然对中国的增长及其依赖“可能导致未来金融稳定问题的国内信贷快速增长”感到担心。他表示，此类问题可能在全球引发震荡。
