Cheese is typically considered more of an indulgence than a health food, but a new review of research suggests that it may not be as bad for you as once thought. In fact, people in the analysis who ate a little bit of cheese every day were less likely to develop heart disease or have a stroke, compared to those who rarely or never ate cheese.
人们通常认为奶酪比保健品更容易让人放纵，但一项新的研究综述表明：奶酪或许并没有人们以前以为的那么糟糕。事实上，在实验分析中，与很少吃或从来都不吃奶酪的人相比，每天都吃一点奶酪的人患心脏病、中风的风险更低。
Cheese, like other dairy products, contains high levels of saturated fat-which has been linked to high cholesterol, atherosclerosis and an increased risk of heart disease. (Recently, however, some nutrition experts believe that saturated fat is more benign.) But cheese also contains potentially beneficial ingredients like calcium, protein and probiotics, wrote the authors of the new paper, published in the European Journal of Nutrition.
和其它乳制品一样，奶酪也含有大量的饱和脂肪--与高胆固醇水平、动脉粥样硬化以及心脏病风险增加相关。（然而，有些营养专家于最近表示饱和脂肪其实更是有益健康的。）新文章发表在《欧洲营养杂志》的作者写道：但奶酪同时含有潜在的有益健康的成分，比如钙、蛋白质和益生菌。
To learn more about how long-term cheese consumption affects a person's risk for cardiovascular disease, researchers from China and the Netherlands combined and analyzed data from 15 observational studies including more than 200,000 people.
为进一步了解长期食用奶酪会对人们患心血管疾病产生何种影响，中国和荷兰的研究人员对15个观察性研究（20多万名受试者）的数据进行了综合分析。
The researchers' findings were "certainly different from what people might expect," says Dr. Allan Stewart, director of aortic surgery at Ichan School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Medical Center, who was not involved in the new analysis. Overall, people who consumed high levels of cheese had a 14% lower risk of developing coronary heart disease and were 10% less likely to have a stroke than those who rarely or never ate cheese.
研究员的研究结果"与人们所期望的完全不同，"艾伦·斯图尔特博士说道。他是西奈山医学中心Ichan School of Medicine的主动脉手术主任，他没有参与到这项新分析中。总的来说，相比很少吃或从来不吃奶酪的人来说，大量摄入奶酪的人患冠心病的风险要低14%、中风的风险要低10%。
The relationship, however, was U-shaped rather than linear-meaning that higher quantities of cheese were not necessarily better. The people who had the lowest risks for heart disease and stroke were those who consumed, on average, about 40 grams a day-about the size of a matchbook. (According to the review, the average American eats about 42.5 grams a day.)
然而，这种关系是U型的，而不是线性的--这就意味着奶酪吃的越多，也不一定越好。患心脏病和中风风险率最低的人平均每天摄入40g奶酪--和火柴盒一般大小。（综述表示，美国人平均每天吃42.5g的奶酪。）
"This is not the same as eating a big slice of cheesy pizza every day," says Stewart. He also cautions against reading too much into data that's self-reported-because people tend to over- or under-estimate their consumption of specific foods.
"这与每天吃一大块披萨还不一样，"斯图尔特说道。他还警告人们不要过多阅读自己报告的数据--因为人们往往会高估或低估他们对特定食物的摄入量。
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