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Adult ADHD may take a toll on the brain
年轻人确诊多动症？网友：自从确诊，整个人生都得到了解释……
Adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is often misunderstood, and people who struggle with it are often viewed as quirky, disorganized, creative or forgetful.
人们常常误解“注意缺陷多动障碍”（多动症），该病病患则被认为是古怪，无逻辑，发散性强以及健忘。
Many people go a lifetime without receiving a diagnosis or treatment.
很多患者终其一生也未确诊或治疗过。
Untreated ADHD is a risk factor for a number of challenges, including unsafe driving, substance abuse and a higher risk of early death, according to a growing body of research.
越来越多的研究表明，未经治疗的多动症是许多问题的风险因素，包括不安全驾驶、药物滥用和更高的早死风险。
Symptoms and behaviors associated with ADHD include: trouble focusing on tasks or becoming so focused on an activity that you lose track of time; difficulty paying attention and being easily distracted; moving from one activity or task to another without completing them; impulsive behaviors that may result in negative consequences; regularly forgetting items or appointments; low motivation to begin tasks, especially ones that don’t interest you.
与多动症相关的症状和行为包括：无法集中精力完成任务或过于专注于一项活动而忘记时间；注意力难以集中或容易分心；某个活动或任务没有完成就转移到新的活动或任务；做出可能导致负面结果的冲动行为；经常忘记项目或约定；开始工作的动力不足，尤其是那些不感兴趣的任务。
Some of these symptoms can look like an unwillingness to engage in a task or activity.
其中一些症状看起来像是不愿意参与一项任务或活动。
This is most likely why some people associate ADHD with laziness.
这很可能就是为什么有些人把多动症和懒惰联系在一起。
For women, ADHD is often underdiagnosed.
对于女性来说，经常很难诊断出注意力缺陷多动障碍。
This may be partly due to the misconception that ADHD only affects school-aged boys.
部分原因可能是人们误以为多动症只影响学龄男孩。
But symptoms of ADHD in women can look different from men, leading to confusion in the diagnostic process.
但女性多动症的症状可能与男性不同，这导致了诊断过程中的混乱。
Research shows that the ADHD brain differs from a non-ADHD brain, and these differences impact how they function daily, causing laziness-like symptoms.
研究表明，多动症患者的大脑与非多动症患者的大脑不同，这些差异会影响他们的日常功能，导致类似懒惰的症状。
For example, the prefrontal cortex is often smaller in those with ADHD, which controls executive functioning, like rational decision-making and attention span.
例如，多动症患者的前额叶皮层通常较小，后者控制着理性决策和注意力持续时间等执行功能。
The limbic system controls emotional regulation, and those with ADHD can struggle with mood swings.
大脑边缘系统控制着情绪调节，那些患有多动症的人可能会与情绪波动作斗争。
People with ADHD have symptoms of inattentiveness, but they often also have a capacity to hyperfocus on a narrow area that is of particular interest to them.
患有多动症的人有注意力不集中的症状，但他们通常也有能力专注于他们特别感兴趣的一个狭窄的领域。
Clearly, ADHD is not a guarantee of genius, but the focused work rate that it produces may enable creative genius ADHD and creative genius to flourish.
显然，无法保证患多动症的病人都是天才，但它所产生的专注的工作速度可能会使多动症和创造性天才蓬勃发展。
本文转载自中国日报网，如有侵权，请联系我们删除。
