1.She was, remember, just 14, but there was already the fortitude, the clarity and the courage, just as well, because she would need these qualities five years later, when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life.

【解析】这个句子其实就是一个含有宾语从句的复合句。出于主持人解说的节奏，把she was提到了句首，应该是remember放于句首。

宾语从句中又含有一个并列复合句，由but连接一个简单句和一个由从属连词because引导的原因状语从句。简单句是：She was just 14，原因状语从句是：because she would need these qualities five years later, when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life。

原因状语从句中又含有分词短语做时间状语：when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life。

【解析】 when facing the most traumatic and dangerous crisis of her entire life是现在分词短语做时间状语，可以省略when。当现在分词作时间状语时，可以加上表示时间的介词，如：when, after，before等等。

【解析】just as well是副词性短语，具有副词功能，修饰前面的系动词is。

quality指一个人的“品质，品德”时，是可数名词。

2. So here she was, Elizabeth, under the oak, about to be the Protestant queen.

【解析】这个是一个倒装句式。倒装结构为：here+系动词（助动词，情态动词）+主语，但是如果主语为人称代词的话，主语位于系动词前面。再如：Here it is.

【解析】Elizabeth是做主语she的同位语，under the oak是介词短语做she的定语。

3. Danger only turned to deliverance five years later when Queen Mary died, childless.

【解析】childless是形容词做时间状语从句（when Queen Mary died,）中的伴随状况状语。

4. When her Catholic half-sister, Mary, came to the throne, Elizabeth found herself in even deeper trouble.

【解析】Mary是做half-sister的同位语，说明其姓名。

【解析】“find+反身代词+介词短语”表示“觉悟到某人自己处于什么境况”。该句子中是：find herself in even deeper trouble，意思是觉悟到自己处于更深的困境中。Even修饰形容词比较级deeper。