【新闻精讲】

Charity Catalogues British Place Nicknames
英慈善机构着手编纂地名绰号
Does your local town have a nickname? If so, what does it say about the area and the people who live there?
你所居住的城镇有绰号吗？如果有的话，那它是如何形容那片区域以及生活在那里的人的？
Catalogue
目录，名单，细目：
“the long catalogue of his concerns: unemployment, housing, race, drugs, the decay of the inner city, the environment and family life”(&b{Anthony Holden})
“他所关注的事情的长长的名单：失业，住房，种族，毒品，城市的衰退，环境和家庭生活”(安东尼•霍尔登)

Many cities are recognized across the world by their unofficial titles. New York is the Big Apple, London is the Big Smoke, and Los Angeles is famously called La La Land.很多城市的非正式名称被世界所知晓。纽约的别称是“大苹果”，伦敦也叫“雾都”，洛杉矶又叫“梦幻之城”。
Big Apple – 纽约！
The earliest citation for "big apple" is the 1909 book The Wayfarer in New York by Edward S. Martin, writing:
Kansas is apt to see in New York a greedy city.... It inclines to think that the big apple gets a disproportionate share of the national sap
the Big Smoke – 伦敦
其实全世界能被称之为雾都的城市非常多，比如美国的旧金山, 澳大利亚 布里斯班， 爱尔兰的都柏林，苏格兰的爱丁堡，新西兰的奥克兰等等。只是这里面最有名是伦敦。
LA LA LAND 梦幻一般的城市

Now Britain's national mapping agency, Ordnance Survey, and the British linguistics charity, the English Project, are launching an interactive project to uncover the pet names people use for local places.
现在，英国制图部门——地形测量局和英国语言学慈善机构——英语计划共同发起了一个揭秘地名绰号的互动项目。
Interactive
互动（不论何种解释，都强调在communicating）
There is little evidence that this encouraged flexible, interactive teaching in the classroom.

Uncover
1. 显现，暴露，揭露：= reveal, disclose
uncovered new evidence. 揭示新的证据
2. 挖掘
Archaeologists have uncovered an 11,700-year-old hunting camp in Alaska.

The initiative, which launched last week to coincide with English Language Day, is called Location Lingo.
该项目被称作“地名隐语”，于上周与英语节一起启动。
It aims to identify the names people use every day, whether it's a term of endearment or a hate name.
该项目的目的是为了找出人们经常使用的地名称呼，无论这是个昵称还是一个含有善意还是恨意的名字。
Coincide with
1. 同时发生
The exhibition coincides with the 50th anniversary of his death.
2. 意见一致
He gave great encouragement to his students, especially if their passions happened to coincide with his own.
Lingo
隐语 术语 行话
例句：Economics is easy after you learn the lingo.
在学了专门术语后经济学就简单了。
Endearment
情话 表示爱慕的话语
例句:No term of endearment crossed their lips.
他们彼此间没有说过爱慕的话。
Term
专用名词：一个或一组具有特殊意义的词：
had to explain the term&I{gridlock.} 必须解释gridlock（交通全面大堵塞） 这个词
In terms of
1. 用…衡量或表示；用…的措辞：
distances expressed in terms of kilometers as well as miles;
用公里和英里来表示距离；
2. 根据：按照；就…而言：
“facilities planned and programmed in terms of their interrelationships, instead of evolving haphazardly”(&b{Wharton Magazine})
“按照其内在的关系来营造设施以防止其产生灾难性的进展”(沃顿杂志)

The University of Winchester's Professor Bill Lucas is a patron of the English Project.
温彻斯特大学教授比尔•卢卡斯是英语计划的支持者。
He explains that unofficial place names often show what people think about a place.
他解释道，非正式的地名通常能表达人们对这个地方的看法。
Patron
赞助人 支持者
例句：Catherine the Great was a patron of the arts and sciences.
凯瑟琳大帝是艺术和科学的赞助人。

"The name that people conjure up or create for a place forms an emotional connection," he says.
他说：“人们给一个地方所编出或创造出的名称都能体现人们对该地方的感情。”
"So Basingstoke becomes Amazing stoke, Swindon is known as Swindump and Padstow, hometown of chef Rick Stein, is nicknamed Padstein."
“贝辛斯托克也叫“神奇的斯托克”，史云顿被称作是“史云顿垃圾城”，帕德斯托是厨师里克•斯坦的家乡，所以“帕德斯坦”成了帕德斯托的昵称。”
conjure up
想象出
例句：When he closed his eyes, he could conjure up in exact colour almost every event of his life.
一闭上眼睛，他就能真真切切地回忆起他生命中几乎每一件事情。

Basingstoke is a town in central England. The local nickname, Amazingstoke, shows the affection that locals seem to have for the area.
贝辛斯托克是英格兰中部的一座城镇。“神奇的斯托克”这个昵称展示了当地人对这片土地的喜爱之情。
Swindon, on the other hand, is sometimes called Swindump, showing that some people think it's a dump.
而史云顿有时被叫作“史云顿垃圾城”，这说明人们觉得这座城市就像一个垃圾场。
Affection 爱 = love
She had developed quite an affection for the place.
Dump 倾倒
German law forbids the dumping of hazardous waste on German soil.
On the other hand 另外 （alternative view）
I'm ready to go; on the other hand, I'm perfectly comfortable here.

Stanford Le Hope in Essex is called Stanford No Hope by locals.
艾塞克斯的斯坦福勒霍普被当地人称作“斯坦福没有希望”。
And Padstow in Cornwall is so closely associated with the local celebrity Rick Stein that it's become known as Padstein.
康沃尔的帕德斯托与当地名人里克•斯坦有着深厚的渊源，所以这里被人们叫作“帕德斯坦”。
Associate
1. 关联
Through science we've got the idea of associating progress with the future.
2. 合伙人
Association
协会：有共同兴趣、活动或目的的有组织的人群团体；学会
Research associations are often linked to a particular industry.

Since launching the online database last week, the creators have already received 3,000 alternative titles for places and landmarks.
自上周在线数据库开启之后，“地名隐语”项目的发起者就已经收到了3000多个地名和地标的别称。
Alternative
另外一种（Either of these possibilities. = choice ）
New ways to treat arthritis may provide an alternative to painkillers.
Landmark
1. 地表
2. 有重大意义或影响的：
a landmark court ruling; a landmark decision.
深具意义的法庭裁定；一项重大的决定
Some also claim that the project could even have a practical use.
有人声称这个项目甚至会有一些实际用途。

Glen Hart, Ordnance Survey's head of research, says the information could be very helpful to the emergency services, for example. “
地形测量局的研究负责人格伦•哈特表示，对于应急服务机构来说，这些信息是非常有用的，
Head
表示有领导关系：leader, dean, director
emergency
紧急：急需行动或帮助的状况：
a state of emergency; a voice full of emergency.
紧急状态；急切的声音

By having the most complete set of nicknames we could help the emergency services quickly locate the right place, and maybe even save lives," he says.
例如，他说：“有了最完整的地名绰号集，我们就能帮助应急服务机构快速定位到准确的位置，甚至还能帮助救人。”
Set
1. 规定，设定
set June 6 as the day of the invasion. 规定六月六日为入侵时间
2. 习惯的：不愿意或很不情愿变化的： He is set in his ways.
他有固定的生活习惯
3. 一套：一组互属并成套使用的同类物品：
a chess set. 一套国际象棋
Complete
完全（ Having all necessary or normal parts, components, or steps; ）=entire
The rebels had taken complete control.