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Oh, hi everyone! I was just talking to Squeaks about the big trip he’s taking with Jessi.
哦，大家好! 我刚刚在和吱吱聊他要和杰西一起去的旅行。
Are you all packed yet?
你都收拾好了吗?
Oh, I see. You’re nervous because you’ve never flown on an airplane before.
哦，我明白了。你紧张是因为你从来没有坐过飞机。
Squeaks says he’s been learning all about flying and airplanes.
吱吱说他一直在了解飞行和飞机。
I think that’s a great idea!
我认为这是个好主意!
Once you learn about how something works, it can be a whole lot less scary!
一旦你了解了一些事情是如何运作的，这就不会那么可怕了!
You know, it’s a really blustery day outside, and that gives me an idea for another part of flying we can learn about!
你知道，外面刮着大风，这让我想到了我们可以学习的有关飞行的另一个部分!
Birds and planes fly through the air, and when we can feel air moving around, we call it…
鸟儿和飞机在空中飞行，当我们感觉到空气流动时，我们称其为…
That’s right, the wind!
没错，就是风!
In fact, some of you wanted to learn about it too.
事实上，你们中的一些人也想了解风。
Seven year old Max recently asked, “Where does wind come from?”
七岁的麦克斯最近问道:“风从哪里来?”
Thank you, Max! That’s a great question. Wind is moving air.
谢谢你，麦克斯! 这是个好问题。风是流动的空气。
Air is all around us.
空气就在我们周围。
When air gets hot, it goes up, or rises.
当空气变热时，它会上升。
And when that happens, cooler air rushes in to take its place.
当这种情况发生时，冷空气就会冲进来取代热空气。
That rushing air is wind!
极速流动的空气就是风!
So any time air is getting hot or cold, there’s probably going to be some wind!
所以任何时候空气变热或变冷，都可能会出现风!
As temperatures around the Earth rise and fall from day to night and season to season, they can create big patterns of wind, or winds that often do the same thing.
地球周围的温度会随着昼夜交替、四季变化而上升或下降，温度的变化会产生巨大的风，或产生同样的风。
We can look at a map of the Earth to see how they move across the whole planet.
我们可以看看地球地图，观察风是如何在整个地球上移动的。
There’s maps of all kinds of things, including wind.
这里有各种各样的地图，包括有关风的地图。
We can’t see wind, but we can still make pictures of the patterns it creates.
我们看不见风，但我们仍然可以画出风形成的图案。
Let me show you an example of a wind pattern.
让我给你们展示一个风型的例子。
This wind pattern is called the jet stream.
这种风型被称为急流。
It happens over the whole continent of North America, where we live.
急流发生在我们居住的整个北美大陆上。
It’s so strong it even affects airplanes sometimes.
这种风如此强，有时甚至会影响飞机。
An airplane that is flying west to east, this way, might actually make the trip faster, because it’s flying in the same direction as the jet stream wind is blowing.
一架从西向东飞行的飞机，这个方向，实际上可能会让飞行速度更快，因为飞机的飞行方向与急流风的方向相同。
The jet stream wind is pushing the plane.
急流风推动着飞机飞行。
Yes, a lot like you push a friend on a swing.
是的，就像你在秋千上推朋友一样。
A plane flying east to west, the other way, might go a little slower because it’s flying against the jet stream.
一架从东向西的飞机，相反的方向，可能会飞得慢一点，因为飞机是在逆急流飞行。
So the wind is pushing against the plane.
所以风在阻止飞机飞行。
Wind can happen on a small scale too, like in your neighborhood.
小范围内也会有风，比如在你的社区。
You’ve probably felt wind before when you’ve played outside.
你以前在外面玩的时候可能感觉过风。
Those winds are happening on a smaller scale than wind patterns like the jet stream, but it’s the same idea.
虽然这些风的规模比急流风的规模要小，但原理相同。
When one bit of air moves, more races in to replace it.
当一部分空气移动时，会有更多的空气进来取代它。
And when there is a lot of air moving around, it can get pretty blustery, just like today at the Fort!
当有大量空气流动时，就会刮起大风，就像今天在沃斯堡一样!
Weather scientists, called meteorologists, help predict, or guess, how much wind there will be in a certain area.
气象学家帮助预测或猜测某一地区将会刮多大的风。
People can then make plans around those predictions.
人们可以根据这些预测制定计划。
For example, pilots can track the big wind patterns and the smaller winds wherever they are flying to and from.
例如，无论飞行员飞去哪里或从哪里起飞，他们都可以追踪大的风以及小的风。
Well, you’re right, airplanes can be pushed around by the wind.
你说得对，飞机可以被风推者前行。
That’s why pilots and other people who work with airplanes have to pay lots of attention to what the wind is doing.
这就是为什么飞行员和其他与飞机打交道的人必须非常注意风的作用。
Like knowing if they will fly faster or slower because of the jet stream.
比如知道飞机会因为高速气流而飞得更快还是更慢。
Wind can also affect the Earth in other ways.
风还能以其他方式影响地球。
Mountains and forests change the path that the wind can take, but really strong winds can knock down trees or other tall things.
山脉和森林改变了风的路径，但真正的大风可以吹倒树木或其他高大的东西。
Wind also has a big impact on the shape of the land.
风对土地的形状也有很大的影响。
Over a very long time, wind can even break down mountains!
在很长一段时间里，风甚至可以摧毁山脉!
It’s true!
这是真的!
As it blows, wind can pull off small pieces of rocks or dirt and carry them away, bit by bit.
风在吹的时候，会把小块的石头或泥土刮走，一点一点地刮走。
Over millions of years, mountains and canyons get worn down and transform in big ways.
在数百万年的时间里，山脉和峡谷被不断磨损，发生了巨大的变化。
Water wears away the land too, with rain and rivers.
水流会侵蚀土地，雨水和河流也会侵蚀土地。
This is called erosion.
这被称为侵蚀。
It may not look like much at first.
一开始可能看起来没什么。
But over time it can transform the land.
但随着时间的推移，会改变土地。
Erosion can make all kinds of cool shapes, like sand dunes or yardangs.
侵蚀可以形成各种各样很酷的形状，比如沙丘或风蚀土脊。
See how the wind has carved away the soft outer layers and left behind the harder rock.
看看风是如何刮走了柔软的外层，留下了里层坚硬的岩石。
I think it kind of looks like a shark fin poking out of the sand.
我觉得它看起来有点像从沙子里伸出来的鲨鱼鳍。
What do you think? Yes Squeaks! I see that too!
你怎么看? 是的，吱吱! 我也看到了!
Wind is pretty amazing.
风是非常神奇的。
It can change the shape of the land, move around clouds with rain in them, and even help us get where we are going faster!
风可以改变陆地的形状，在带雨的云层周围移动，甚至帮助我们更快地到达我们要去的地方!
Best of all, I think Squeaks is feeling a little better, aren’t you?
最棒的是，我觉得吱吱感觉好多了，你们呢?
Thanks for helping Squeaks learn more about wind today, and watching this episode of SciShow Kids.
感谢帮助吱吱了解更多关于风的知识，感谢收看本期的《儿童科学秀》。
You can ask a grown up to help send questions to us.
你可以找个大人帮忙，把问题发给我们。
They can get started at patreon.com/scishowkids.
他们可以从patreon.com/scishowkids网站投稿。
And thank you for joining us here at the Fort!
感谢大家来到沃斯堡!
