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READING FRANKLIN'S FAMOUS KITE EXPERIMENT
阅读 富兰克林的著名风筝 实验
In the eighteenth century,
在18世纪，
Benjamin Franklin conducted a number of experiments in which he showed what electricity is.
本杰明。富兰克林做了一系列试验，以证明电是什么。
Here is how he described one of his experiments.
请看他是如何描述他其中的一次实验的:
In June 1752,
1752年6月，
I wanted to show that lightning and electricity are the same.
我想演示闪电和电是一回事。
Having realised that I could use a kite to attract lightning
意识到可以使用风筝来吸引闪电之后，
I decided to do an experiment.
我便决定做一次实验。
I built a strong kite and waited for bad weather.
我做了一个结实的风筝，等待着糟糕的天气。
When the first thunderstorm came,
当第一次雷暴来临时，
I took my condenser to a shed in the fields where I could do my experiment.
我把我的电容器带到田间座可以做实验的小屋
My son helped me fly the kite.
我的儿子帮我放风筝。
The kite flew high in the rainy sky,but nothing happened.
风筝在下雨的空中飞得很高，但什么事情也没有发生。
I was beginning to think that the experiment would not work.
我开始想这次实验要失败了。
Just then ,I saw some of the hairs on the string stand up.
正在此时，我看到细绳上的一些毛发竖了起来。
The string was getting charged!
细绳带电了!
I brought my finger close to the key
我把自己的手指靠近钥匙
and felt a light but very clear electric shock.
能感到轻微但很明显的电击。
Others followed even before the whole string was wet,
细绳上的其他细毛在风筝线被打湿之前也随之立了起来，
and I was able to collect and store a great deal of electricity in the condenser.
这样我就能够把大量的电收集在电容器中。
This experiment proves that lightning and electricity are the same.
这次实验证明了闪电和电是一回事。
To do the experiment you need four things:
要做这样的实验你需要四件东西:
a kite,a key,some really bad weather and a condenser to store electricity.
一个风筝，一个钥匙，恶劣的天气和一个采集并贮存电的电容器。
Most kites are made of paper,
大多数风筝都是纸做的
but a kite made of silk
但是丝绸做的风筝
will not tear so soon in weather with rain and strong winds.
在暴风雨的天气中能够持续使用更长的时间。
Build the frame of the kite
这样先搭起一个风筝框架。
by making a small cross of two pieces of light wood.
用两根很轻的小木条做成一个小十字架，
The pieces should be just long enough to reach the corners of the handkerchief.
两根木条的长度应该足以够到手绢的四角。
Tie the corners of the handkerchief to the points of the cross,
把手绢的四角系在十字架上，
and you will have a nice strong kite.
这样你就可以做成一个很好，很结实的风筝。
Add a tail to the frame and tie a long string to the cross
给风筝的框架加上一个尾巴，
so you can controlthe kite.
在十字架上系上一个长细以便你控制风筝。
The next steps are very important.
接下来的三个步骤十分重要。
First,fix a very sharp piece of metal pointing a foot or more above the frame
首先，在十字架骨架较长的一根木棍的端部固定一根金属丝，
to the top of the longest stick of the cross.
使它比框架长出一英尺或更长的一些。
Second,fasten a key to the end of the long string.
其次，把钥匙固定在那根长细绳的的末端。
Third,tie a silk ribbon to the string just above the key.
第三，在细绳上系上一条丝带，正好超过钥匙。
This ribbon,which must not get wet,will protect you from the electricity
这个丝带不要浸湿，它可以保护你不受电击。
Fly the kite when a thunderstorm appears to be coming on.
在暴风雨即将来临的时候去做风筝。
Stand inside a door,
站在门里
or under some cover,so that the silk ribbon does not get wet.
或遮盖物下面，以便丝带不被弄湿。
Take care that the string does not touch the wall or the door.
小心别让细绳碰到墙上或门上。
When a thundercloud comes over the kite,
当雷雨云笼罩了风筝之后。
the sharp piece of metal will pull the electricity from the cloud.
金属丝会把电传导过来，
The kite and the string will become charged.
这样，风筝和细绳也就带电了。
When the kite and the string are wet from the rain,
当风筝和细绳在雨中浸湿的时候，
they will conduct the electricity very well.
它们会充分地导电，
You can collect and store the electricity in the condenser
这样你就能把电收集并贮存在电容中
and use it for other experiments.
并用它做其他的实验。
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