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三.BY和WITH
刚才我们复习了不同时态的被动语态句子, 也学习了一些新词汇. 现在我们练 习用介词 by, b-y, by加上名词来表明被动语态句子里的动作执行者, 比方有一 句话:Company policies are established by top managers. 这句话的意思就是: 公 司政策是由高级主管制订的. 下面我们作一组练习学学这类句子. 练习的作法 是由老师念我们刚才练习过的句子, 接着老师念出名词, 比方 "监督人员" supervisors. " 行政人员" administrators 等等. 请你用 by 和老师给你的名词说 出被动语态句子. 每作完一句就请你听正确答案.
M: Company policies are established.
M: top managers
F: Company policies are established by top managers.
M: Company policies are carried out.
M: company workers
F: Company policies are carried out by company workers.
M: Office workers are supervised.
M: their supervisors
F: Office workers are supervised by their supervisors.
M: Education is emphasized.
M: the government
F: Education is emphasized by the government.
M: People with ability are selected.
M: administrators
F: People with ability are selected by administrators.
在被动语态句子里, 用介词by可以表明人物, 可是一般来说用 with, w-i-t-h, with 可以表明东西, 比方 "商业区里到处是大公司总部." The business district is crowded with corporation headquarters. "大楼里到处是政府机关." The large office buildings are filled with government agencies. 这两个句子就是很好的例 子. 现在我们来作代换练习; 练习里的句子都是说到商业区到处是大楼, 银行 和百货商店等等. 首先由老师念一个句子, 接着老师念一个字或是一个词组, 请你把你听到的代换到原来的句子里. 每作完一句就请你听老师念正确答案.
M: The business district is crowded with large office buildings.
M: banks
F: The business district is crowded with banks.
M: corporation headquarters
F: The business district is crowded with corporation headquarters.
M: department stores
F: The business district is crowded with department stores.
下面老师换了一个句子:
M: The large office buildings are filled with corporation headquarters.
M: banks
F: The large office buildings are filled with banks.
M: government agencies
F: The large office buildings are filled with government agencies.
M: small companies
F: The large office buildings are filled with small companies.
四.听短文回答问题
首先我们来听一篇文章, 内容是说美国重视商业, 在美国城市商业区里大楼林 立, 一般办公室工作人员, 也就是所谓的 "白领阶级" 勤奋工作和进修的情况.
文章里有许多被动语态句子,许多词汇也都是我们刚才练习过的.请你注意听, 等一会儿我们要根据文章问你几个问题.
