1.anecdote n. 轶事，奇闻

He told me some anecdote about our English teacher.
他告诉我几个关于英语老师的掌故。

2.advance v. 前进，增长，预付

The report advances the suggestion that safety standards should be improved.
该报告建议安全标准应该改进。

3.diffuseness n. 扩散

4.pile up 堆积，积累

Instead of waiting until problems pile up, we should try to solve each as it arises.
问题一出现就应设法解决，不要等问题成了堆再去解决。