Gary Neilson, a Booz senior partner and one of the report’s authors, identified two key factors behind the shift towards planning.
博斯公司高级合伙人、该报告作者之一加里•尼尔森(Gary Neilson)发现，企业转向继任规划的背后有两个关键因素。
The first was that shareholders expected the companies to be more organised in succession planning and that they also faced demands from the community at large to be accountable.
首先是股东们希望企业在继任规划方面更有章法，企业还面临社会对于问责的要求。
“The demand for more accountability is encouraging boards to take on this responsibility for the chief executive, rather than just backing a chief executive until he hits a wall,” Mr Neilson said.
尼尔森表示：“加强问责的要求，正鼓励董事会承担起自己对CEO的责任，而不是一味力挺CEO，直到情况不可收拾。”
The second was that as companies came through the worst of the economic downturn, they felt secure enough to move decisively to put the next generation of leaders in place, instead of postponing action.
其次，随着企业渡过经济低迷的最黑暗阶段，他们感到足够安全，敢于采取果断行动，任命新一代领导，而不是迟疑不决。
The study also revealed a significant preference for financial services executives. Booz said that the greater success of outsiders pointed to companies’ feeling confident enough to take “a bit of a risk on an unknown leader”.
这项研究还显示出在人选方面，金融服务业的高管受到显著青睐。博斯公司表示，公司任命外部候选人的几率加大表明，企业如今感到足够自信，愿意承担“一点聘用未知领导的风险”。
That risk is often mitigated by a decision to appoint from within the same sector. This was most marked in financial services, where more than four in five were from within the sector, but was also marked in IT, where more than three in five came from the same sector. By contrast, seven in 10 new appointments at utilities were from outside the sector.
任命一位来自同一行业的领导者往往可以降低这种风险。这一点在金融服务行业中表现得最为突出，该行业中逾五分之四的新CEO来自本行业，在IT行业也很突出，该行业中来自同行业公司的新CEO占了逾五分之三。相比之下，公用事业行业有十分之七的新任CEO来自本行业以外。
Financial services was the only sector to supply new chief executives to all other industries, providing one-third of incoming CEOs for industrial companies.
金融服务业是唯一向其他所有行业输出新任CEO的行业，工业企业的新任CEO有三分之一来自金融服务业。
Booz said that one factor behind the rise in popularity of financial services executives was simply their presence in such a large and important sector.
博斯公司表示，金融服务业高管越来越受欢迎背后的一个原因是，他们来自如此庞大而重要的行业。
Financial services accounted for one-fifth of the 2,500 largest companies, making it the most heavily-represented sector, ahead of industrials at 357.
金融服务业公司占总共2500家最大企业的五分之一，超过工业企业（357家），这使得金融服务业成为最具代表性的行业。
What makes the level of chief executive turnover of all kinds last year so striking is that the only year which in which it was higher – 2005 – came after some years of low turnover rates during the downturn of the early 2000s, suggesting a pent-up need for change at the top that does not seem to have been such a feature this time.
有关去年CEO换人数量的令人瞩目之处在于，2005年（唯一数量更高的一年）是在本世纪初经济下行期间的低换人率之后，似乎表明当时存在被压抑的高层换人需求，而这一次似乎不存在这种情况。
And the rate of change could rise even higher in the next couple of years, Booz said, if the improved corporate governance practices and answerability to shareholders that has fuelled the increase in 2012 is accompanied by an uptick in M and A activity.
博斯公司表示，今后两年，如果刺激2012年高层换人的因素（各公司治理水平提升，对股东诉求的响应）继续存在，再加上并购活动的增加，高层换人的数量可能进一步上升。