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Hi my name is Rebecca and in today's lesson I'm going to show you how to talk about your educational background or academic qualifications.
大家好，我是Rebecca。今天这节课，我们将学习如何谈论自己的教育背景或学历。
Now this is of course an important subject that might come up quite often in your life, it could come up in your personal life,
今天所学习的主题非常重要，不论是在你的工作生活还是个人生活中会经常遇到这样的问题，
such as when you meet somebody at a party or it could come up in an academic or a professional context when you're asked to talk about your educational qualifications.
比如，当你在聚会中或是学术或专业背景下，经常会被问道自己的学历及教育背景。
So let's look at some ways in which you can do this, okay? So on the board I've written the names of five people,
下面我们就开看看如何应对这个问题。我在黑板上写下了五个人的名字，
I've written the degree that they hold, I've written the names of the subject in which they specialized and last I've written the name of the university that they graduated from.
他们各自的学历以及主修的课程，最后写上了他们的毕业院校。
So now let's try to make some sentences to describe what's going on here, alright?
现在我们来看看能运用哪些句型买书他们的学历。
So we could say about the first person Tom. Tom has a BA in history from the University of Toronto.
第一位汤姆。汤姆毕业于多伦多大学获历史系文学士学位。
Tom has a BA in history from the University of Toronto, right? You see that here Tom has a BA in history from the University of Toronto.
汤姆毕业于多伦多大学获历史系文学士学位。
Now one point about the University, universities are usually named in two ways, either there we say University of something or we say something University,
关于毕业院校的描述有一点，院校名称有两种表达方式，可以说...的大学，也可以说...大学，
if we say University of something like University of Toronto, then before the word 'University', you need to add the word 'the',
如果说...的大学，比如多伦多大学，那么在‘大学’这个单词前要加单词‘the’，
so Tom has a BA in history from the University of Toronto. Now if Tom has graduated from another university that we have in Toronto called York University,
汤姆毕业于多伦多大学获历史系文学士学位。现在如果汤姆毕业于多伦多另一所大学叫做约克大学，
then we would say Tom has a BA in history from York University. Then you don't need to say 'the', you just say the name and followed by the word 'University',
那么我们说，汤姆毕业于约克大学获历史系文学士学位。这里我们则不需要加单词‘the’，只用在名称后加上‘大学’这个单词就行，
and you will see that in the examples that follow, okay? Let's look at another way, by the way, before we go on to Maria,
在接下来的例句中还会见到这个句型。在讲下个例句前，我们看下另一种表达方式，
let's look at another way we can talk about Tom, we could say 'Tom graduated from the University of Toronto with a BA in history.
用另一种表达方式谈论汤姆的学历，我们可以说，‘汤姆毕业于多伦多大学获历史系文学士学位’。
BA, of course is Bachelor of Arts. Tom graduated from the University of Toronto with a BA in history. So you could also express it that way, okay?
BA指的是，文学学士。汤姆毕业于多伦多大学获历史系文学士学位。我们可以也用这种表达方式。
Whatever is easier, the first one I gave you is probably the easiest. Let's look at another example, Maria.
哪个简单就用哪个，好像第一个简单些。再来看看玛利亚的例子。
So we could say, 'Maria holds an MBA from Harvard University', you could also say 'Maria has an MBA or Maria holds an MBA from Harvard University'.
我们可以说，‘玛利亚毕业于哈佛大学持工商管理学硕士学位’，也可以说‘玛利亚毕业于哈佛大学有或持有MBA’。
Master of Business Administration is an MBA. Now you will notice that I said an MBA here, I said Tom has a BA here, I said Maria has an MBA.
工商管理学硕士简称MBA。你应该注意到在这个例句中，我说‘an MBA’以及在上个例句中我说‘a BA’。
Why is that, why did I not say a MBA? because the letter 'M'. If we actually were to write or spell out the letter 'M', we would spell it out as em, M,
这是为什么呢，为什么不能说‘a MBA’呢？因为字母‘M’。在拼写这个字母时，我们的发音为‘em，M’，
it has a vowel sound at the beginning and whenever you have a vowel sound not just a vowel but also a vowel sound at the beginning of something,
开头存在元音声，不论开头是有元音声还是元音，
then before that you need to say 'an MBA', so that it flows more smoothly than saying 'a M', okay? An MBA, all right?
我们都需要说‘an MBA’，这样听起来比‘a M’要顺耳。
Let's look at the third example, Hasaan, right? Hasan graduated from the University of Cambridge with a BSC in microbiology, all right?
下面来看看第三个例子，Hasaan。Hasaan毕业于剑桥大学获微生物学理学学士学位。
I'll say that for you again. Hassan graduated from the University of Cambridge with a BSC in microbiology. BSC stands for Bachelor of Science, okay?
我再说一遍。Hasaan毕业于剑桥大学获微生物学理学学士学位。BSC指的是理学学士。
Let's take another example, Olga. Now we can say all of these we can say in a variety of ways, I'm gonna show you another way,
下个例子，奥尔加。现在我们可以用多种句型进行描述，比如
Olga obtained an MA in psychology from Oxford University. Olga obtained an MA in psychology from Oxford University.
奥尔加毕业于牛津大学获心理学文学硕士学位。
You could say 'she obtained an MA, what does obtain mean? It means she got it. So you could also say 'Olga got an MA in psychology from Oxford University',
你可以说‘她获得MA’，那么‘获得’是什么意思呢？是代表‘得到’的意思。因此你还可以说，奥尔加毕业于牛津大学获心理学文学硕士学位‘，
you could also say Olga completed an MA in psychology at Oxford University, okay?
还可以说，奥尔加毕业于牛津大学并完成了心理学文学硕士课程。
There are various ways in which you can say it, some are more informal, some are more formal, so depending on the situation, you could change the verb a little bit.
可以用的句型很多，有一些没那么正式，有些则更为正式，这就依情况而定，你需要对动词稍作改变。
The last one here is Raj, so we could say here that Raj has a PhD, Raj has a PhD in economics from MIT, all right?
最后一个例子，拉杰。可以说拉杰获博士学位，拉杰毕业于麻省理工学院经济学博士学位。
Sometimes they also say 'Raj was awarded a PhD in economics by MIT', alright?
有时也说’拉杰被授予麻省理工学院经济学博士学位’。
So now you should have the means to describe your educational background and qualifications,
现在你应该学会了描述教育背景或学历的几种句型了，
so a good thing that you could do right after this lesson is to write a few sentences to describe your educational background using some any of these patterns, okay?
课后你可以用这些句型描述自己的学历。
As I said there are many different ways in which to explain and describe your educational background and you could use any of the examples that I've given you here.
描述学历的句型有很多种，你可运用任何你学的句型。
If you'd like a little more practice in this, you could also go to our website at www.engvid.com, there you'll find a little quiz on this
如果你想做下相关练习，可以登录我们的网站www.engvid.com，网站中有相关小测试
and that will help you to review some of the points that we've talked about today, all right?
希望能帮助你巩固今天所学。
Thanks very much. Good luck with your English. Bye for now.
谢谢收看。下期见。
