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Hello. I'm John Russell.
大家好，我是约翰·罗素。
Let's continue our exploration of consonant sounds.
我们继续探索辅音的发音。
In a recent video, I talked about sounds that are made with the lips.
在最近的一段视频中，我谈到了用嘴唇发出的声音。
Today, Let's explore sounds that are made with the tip of the tongue.
今天，让我们探索一下用舌尖发出的声音。
These sounds involve the tip of the tongue and the teeth, as well as the tip of the tongue and the area just behind your teeth.
这些发音涉及舌尖和牙齿，以及舌尖和牙齿后面的区域。
Let's start with sounds made by putting the tip of the tongue in between the teeth.
让我们从把舌尖放在牙齿之间发出的声音开始。
Such sounds include /咬舌音s/ sound as in think, as well as the /咬舌音z/ sound, as in that. think think that
这样的声音，包括/咬舌音s/比如think，还有/咬舌音z/，比如that。（此音标写法为便于编辑，规范写法见视频）
These sounds are not common in many languages.
这些发音在许多语言中并不常见。
But unfortunately, these sounds are very common in English.
但是不幸的是，这些音在英语中很常见。
Pronouns such as "they", articles such as "the", or demonstrative, such as "these" or "those", all have the /咬舌音z/ sound.
代词“they”他们，冠词“the”，指示词“these”和“those”都有/咬舌音z/的音。
Our next group of sounds come from putting the tip of the tongue in the area behind your teeth.
我们的下一组声音是将舌尖放在牙齿后面的区域。
When you pronounce these consonant sounds, you should feel the tip of your tongue, touching the top of your mouth just behind your upper teeth.
当你发出这些辅音时，你应该感觉到你的舌尖，碰到你上牙后面的口腔顶部。
In some cases, the tip of the tongue will not quite touch this area.
在某些情况下，舌尖不会完全接触到这个区域。
Examples include sounds such as /t/ as in Tom, /d/ as in dawn, /l/ as in lawn.
这一类的音有/t/比如Tom，/d/比如dawn，/l/比如lawn。
When you practice with these sounds in the future, pay careful attention to your tongue.
以后在练习这些音时，要特别注意你的舌头。
Ask yourself, if you are placing your tongue in between your teeth or just behind your teeth.
看看你的舌头是在牙齿中间还是牙齿的后面。
Keep up the good work.
继续加油吧！
