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Photo credit: dynamosquito
图片引自：dynamosquito
3、Elamite Civilization
埃兰文明
Although their name for themselves was Haltam, the name “Elam” comes from the Hebraic transcription of the word. The Elamite civilization consisted mostly of land inside present-day Iran, along with a small portion of Iraq. One of the earliest civilizations, it was founded sometime in the third millennium B.C. and is by far the oldest in all of Iran. Situated along the borders of Sumer and Akkad, the land of Elam was similar to its neighbors, although its language was altogether unique.
“埃兰”这个名字来源于希伯来语单词的音标，尽管埃兰人称自己国家的名字为Haltam（意为“神的国家”）。埃兰文明主要在如今伊朗的境内，同时也包括了伊拉克的一小部分。它始建于大约公元前3000年，是最早的文明之一，也是目前整个伊朗最古老的文明。虽然埃兰的语言是完全独一无二的，但位于苏美尔和阿卡德的边界地带，埃兰的土地与它的邻国是相似的。
Although they lasted as an independent kingdom for at least a millennium, if not longer, very little is known about them because Elamite scribes were not concerned with documenting their mythology, literature, or any scientific advancements. Writing was mostly seen as a way to honor the king or perform administrative duties. Due to this fact, they made a rather small impact on the development of future civilizations, especially when compared to the Egyptians and Sumerians.
尽管作为一个独立的王国持续了至少千年，也可能更长的时间，但很少有人了解他们，因为埃兰的史官并不关心记录他们国家的神话，或者任何科学上的进步。书写在当时几乎被看做是一种尊敬国王或者是履行行政职责的方式。出于这个因素，他们对未来文明的发展造成的影响相当小，尤其是与埃及人和苏美尔人相比较。
