重点讲解：
1. be famous for
以……而闻名；
eg. Los Angeles is famous for its many freeways.
洛杉矶以其众多的高速公路闻名。
eg. The canyon is famous for producing echoes.
这个峡谷以回声而闻名。
2. a jumble of
杂乱的一堆；混乱的一团；
eg. Through this jumble of futile activities came and went a strange throng of hangers - on.
在这乱哄哄的圈子里还穿梭般往来着一群稀奇古怪的食客。
eg. The shoreline was made up of a jumble of huge boulders.
海岸线上堆着一大堆杂乱的巨石。
3. a swathe of
（土地的）一长条，一长片；
eg. On May 1st the army took over another swathe of territory...
军队在5月1号又接管了另一长条领土。
eg. Year by year great swathes of this small nation's countryside disappear.
年复一年，这个小国家的乡村面积正在一片片地大量消失。
4. be known as
称为；叫做；
eg. They manufacture the class of plastics known as thermoplastic materials.
他们生产这类被称为热塑材料的塑料制品。
eg. Zhejiang is known as the land of tea of our country.
浙江是我国茶乡。
5. open up
（使）开放；
eg. It suddenly occurred to one of the workers to open up the box.
一个工人突然想起打开箱子看个究竟。
eg. This new job could open up whole new vistas for her.
这项新工作可能给她开辟全新的前景。